Romanus, Patrician, and Exarch of Italy

Romanus (d. 596/597) was the exarch of Italy — the emperor's representative in Ravenna and the highest civil and military authority in Byzantine Italy. He appears 12 times in this collection as a recipient of Pope Gregory the Great's letters, and the correspondence reveals a relationship that was often tense. Gregory and Romanus clashed repeatedly over the handling of the Lombard threat. Gregory, who dealt with the Lombards face-to-face in Rome, favored negotiation and peace; Romanus, representing imperial policy, pursued a harder line that Gregory saw as reckless and ineffective. Their exchanges are some of the sharpest in Gregory's entire corpus. The letters to Romanus matter because they reveal the tensions at the heart of Byzantine Italy — a pope who was becoming the de facto leader of Rome and an imperial official who resented it. The conflict between Gregory and the exarch foreshadowed the eventual break between Rome and Constantinople.
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Letters sent
18
Letters received
18
Total letters
2
Correspondents

Top correspondents

All letters (18)

From Pliny the Youngerc. 100
pliny younger #1
From Pliny the Youngerc. 104
pliny younger #15
From Pliny the Youngerc. 104
pliny younger #33
From Pliny the Youngerc. 107
pliny younger #7
From Pliny the Youngerc. 107
pliny younger #8
From Pliny the Youngerc. 107
pliny younger #28
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 590

Even though there were no immediate cause for writing to your Excellency, yet we ought to show solicitude for your health and safety so as to learn through frequent intercommunication what we desire to hear about you. Besides, it has come to our knowledge that Blandus, bishop of the city of Hortanum , has been detained now for a long time by you...

gregory great #1033
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 592

Gregory to Romanus, Patrician, and Exarch of Italy. We believe that your Excellency is already aware of the death of Laurentius, bishop of the church of Mediolanum. And since, so far as we have learned from the report of the clergy, all have agreed in the election of our son Constantius, deacon of the same church, it was necessary for us, for ke...

gregory great #3031
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 599

Our care for the purpose before us prompts us to commit the looking after ecclesiastical interests to active persons. And so, since we have found you, Romanus, to have been a trusty and diligent guardian, we have thought fit to commit to your government from this present second indiction the patrimony of the holy Roman Church, which by the mercy...

gregory great #9018
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 599

Our son Theodosius, abbot of the Monastery founded by the late Patrician Liberius in Campania, is known to have intimated to us that the late illustrious lady Rustica about one and twenty years ago, in the will that she made, appointed in the first place Felix, her husband, to be her heir, and delegated to him the foundation of a Monastery in Si...

gregory great #9024
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 599

Although the law with reason allows not things that come into possession of the Church to be alienated, yet sometimes the strictness of the rule should be moderated, where regard to mercy invites to it, especially when there is so great a quantity that the giver is not burdened, and the poverty of the receiver is considerably relieved. And so, i...

gregory great #9026
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 599

It has come to our ears that certain men, having altogether too little discernment, desire us to become implicated in their risks, and wish to be so defended by ecclesiastical persons, that the ecclesiastical persons themselves may be bound by their guilt. Wherefore I admonish you by this present injunction, and through you our brother and fello...

gregory great #9027
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 599

Gregory to Romanus the guardian, Fantinus the guardian, Sabinus the subdeacon, Sergius the guardian, Boniface the guardian (a paribus ), and the six patroni. Since, even as cautious foresight knows how to block the way against faults, and to avoid what is hurtful, so neglect opens the way to excesses, and is wont to incur what ought to be guarde...

gregory great #9060
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 599

It has come to our ears that the tonsuratores in Sicily, with wicked presumption, take to themselves the name of defensores, and that they not only are of no utility for the interests of the Church, but also take occasion hence to commit many irregularities. Consequently we enjoin your Experience by this present authority to enquire diligently ...

gregory great #9062
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 599

The bearers of these presents, who came hither from the parts of Istria to find their bishop who is now living in the parts of Sicily, have asked us to speed them in their way, and we have arranged for their journey hence. Let, then, your Experience receive them, and arrange for their reaching their said bishop as soon as possible; lest, as they...

gregory great #9094
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 600

Gregory to Romanus, our guardian in Sicily. It has been reported to us that our most reverend brother the bishop Basilius is occupied in legal suits as though he were one of the last of the people, and unprofitably attends the courts. Now, since this thing both renders the man himself vile and does away with the reverence due to priests, let you...

gregory great #10010
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 601

It has come to our knowledge that, if any one has a suit against any clerics, you cause these clerics to be brought before you for judgment, setting at nought their bishops. If this be so, seeing that it is evidently very unsuitable, we order you by this our authority that you presume not to do it any more. But, if any one should have a suit aga...

gregory great #11037
From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 602

It is well known to your Experience that Peter, whom we have made a guardian (defensorem), is sprung from the estate belonging to our Church which is called Vitelas. And so, since we ought to show kindness towards him in such a way that nevertheless the Church may suffer no disadvantage, we command you by this order to charge him strictly not to...

gregory great #12025