Letter 6002: Formula of the Patriciate.

CassiodorusJupiter|c. 522 AD|Cassiodorus
imperial politics

Formula of the Patriciate.

If we examine the ancient origin of this dignity, we find that the patrician order was originally dedicated to Jupiter, so that the worship of what men then considered the supreme god might hold the place of first rank. But since the Senate deserved something truly exceptional, and the very name "patrician" closely linked itself to the Fathers [patres = senators], the title abandoned its pagan associations and migrated on excellent terms to your assembly — because a priestly distinction rightfully belonged to the conscience of the Senate.

In the same way, you read that kings too were established from the augural order — and rightly so, since it was fitting that those who would handle public law should come from such a background. This is also why the honor itself carries a ceremonial belt, even though the holder exercises no active jurisdiction — wearing the girdle of a judge without performing the judge's function. From this arrangement a perpetual happiness arises, since no anxiety over a successor's ambition need be feared: for once the title is bestowed, it becomes coeval with the man for the remainder of his life — an inseparable ornament, a faithful girdle that does not desert its wearer until he departs from the world.

I believe this was modeled on the pattern of the priesthood from which it originated: priests do not lay down their office until they lay down life itself. The laws, moreover, have conferred such reverence upon patricians that a man holding sacred office, once he has been invested with this honor, is released from the bonds of paternal authority [patria potestas — the legal power of a Roman father over his children] — unless the prince makes special provision to the contrary. This was established for a sound reason: the man who had received the supreme gift of the most precious liberty should not share the degrading condition of those who remained subject to another's power.

The patrician takes precedence over men of prefectorial rank and all other dignities, yielding only to that one eminence which we ourselves sometimes assume [i.e., the consulship held by kings]. Understand, therefore, that this is a lauded dignity — lest we seem to have given too little, or you handle it carelessly by thinking you have received something ordinary. Accordingly, supported by our gift from this indiction forward, ascend to the summit of the patriciate — which certain jurists have held to derive its name from the Fathers — and conduct yourself in all things as befits so great a reverence. For although our clemency has bestowed much, you still have more to aspire to, if you strive to acquit yourself with distinction.

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.

Related Letters