Letter 9024: If our will had found you still obscure or unhonored, we would rejoice in the discovery but rightly hesitate about...
Cassiodorus→Senator, Abbot|c. 522 AD|Cassiodorus
barbarian invasion
From: Athalaric (through Cassiodorus), King of the Ostrogoths
To: Senator, Praetorian Prefect
Date: ~527 AD
Context: Athalaric appoints Cassiodorus's father to the Praetorian Prefecture, the highest civil office, with an extensive praise of his career and family history.
If our will had found you still obscure or unhonored, we would rejoice in the discovery but rightly hesitate about your abilities -- hope rather than proven results would guide our judgment. But since your distinguished career has provided rich evidence of your character, and since successive honors have confirmed what each new trial tested, we raise you to the Praetorian Prefecture not as a gamble but as a reward.
Your family's service to the state stretches back through generations. Your father served with integrity under our predecessors, and before him, your grandfather and great-grandfather held positions of trust. You yourself have passed through a succession of offices -- each one more demanding than the last -- and at every stage you have emerged with your reputation not merely intact but enhanced.
The Praetorian Prefecture is the summit of civil administration. The Prefect oversees the provinces, manages the treasury's interests, adjudicates appeals, and ensures that the machinery of government operates smoothly from the Alps to the tip of Calabria. It is an office that demands not only legal knowledge and administrative skill but also the moral authority to command respect from both the powerful and the humble.
We believe you possess all these qualities. Your incorruptibility was proven when you handled public funds and returned every coin accounted for. Your courage was shown when you delivered unwelcome truths to powerful men without flinching. Your compassion was evident in the care you showed for the ordinary people who came before your tribunal.
Take up this great office, then, with the confidence of one who has earned it. Govern the provinces with justice, manage the revenues with integrity, and maintain the peace that is the foundation of all prosperity. Remember that the Praetorian Prefect is the king's voice in the provinces -- what you say and do reflects upon us. We have every confidence that the reflection will be a worthy one.
XXIIII.
SENATORI PPO ATHALARICUS REX.
[1] Si te voluntas nostra adhuc latentem aut inhonorum forsitan invenisset, gauderemus quidem repertum, sed bene dubitaremus acturum, quia spes magis quam fructus in novo est. sed cum domni avi nostri innumeris provectibus magnoque iudicio glorieris, inconveniens res est disceptationi subdere, quem vix possumus sub admiratione praedicare. tanti quippe principis non examinanda, sed veneranda est sententia, quia non potest de factis eius ambigi, cum et nos ab ipso cognoscamur electi: qui divinae supplicationi semper assiduus exegit meritis, ut illa faceret quae superna gratia custodiret. [2] Nam quem ille virum aut exercitibus praeficiens cum victoria non recepit aut iudicem cingens non iustissimum comprobavit? cum futuris rebus eum crederes habere tractatum: nam quod concepisset animus, reddebat semper effectus miroque sapientiae studio non habebat dubium, quod veraciter praevidebat esse venturum. [3] Denique ex te probare possumus eximium principis institutum. quem primaevum recipiens ad quaestoris officium mox repperit conscientia praeditum et legum eruditione maturum. fuisti nimirum summa temporum laus, ut illum sic ad omnia sollicitum inoffensa redderes famulatione securum, dum molem tantam regalis ingenii facundiae tuae viribus sustineres. te in dictationibus amoenum, te ad iustitiam rigidum, te habuit a cupiditatibus alienum. [4] Beneficia quippe ipsius nulla abominabili taxatione vendebas, ut honor tibi ad opinionis divitias proficeret, dum minime pretio subiaceret. hinc est quod videbaris aequissimo principi gloriosa dilectione sociatus, quia eras a vitiis probabili sequestratione divisus. interpellantium te ponderibus sapientissimus arbiter onerabat tantumque de animi tui cognita disceptatione praesumpsit, ut in beneficii locum tuum praestaret aestuantibus sine aliqua cunctatione iudicium. [5] Quotiens ille te grandaevis proceribus inputavit, dum non sufficerent ad primordia tua, quos tanta longaevitas aetatis instruxerat? erat plane quod in te praedicaret eximium, animum ad promerenda beneficia patulum et contra vitia cupiditatis obstructum, dum nescio quo pacto rara est in hominibus manus clausa et aperta iustitia. [6] Veniamus ad magisteriam dignitatem, quam non pecuniae largitate, sed morum nosceris suffragio consecutus: quo loco positus semper quaestoribus affuisti. nam cum opus esset eloquio defaecato, causa tuo protinus credebatur ingenio. exigebaris a benigno principe quod se tibi noverat minime commisisse et quadam gratia praeiudiciali vacuabat alios labore, ut te sententiae suae copiosa laude compleret. [7] Non enim proprios fines sub te ulla dignitas custodivit, quando conscientiae tuae constat creditum, quod a multis fuit proceribus sincerissime peragendum. nescivit quisquam de te summurmurare contraria, cum tamen de principali gratia sustineres invidiam. derogare cupientes vicit integritas actionis: adversi tui coacti saepe locuti sunt quod animus non habebat. nam quaelibet malitia formidat contra manifesta bona aliquid profiteri, dum generalibus odiis veretur exponi. [8] Egisti rerum domino iudicem familiarem et internum procerem. nam cum esset publica cura vacuatus, sententias prudentium a tuis fabulis exigebat, ut factis propriis se aequaret antiquis. stellarum cursus, maris sinus, fontium miracula rimator acutissimus inquirebat, ut rerum naturis diligentius perscrutatis quidam purpuratus videretur esse philosophus. longa fiunt, si cuncta proferamus: quin potius ad beneficia nostra convertimur, ut quod ab illo cognoscebatur deberi, ab herede inperii tibi sentias iuste persolvi. [9] Quapropter iuvante deo, quo auctore omnia prosperantur, ab indictione duodecima in praefecturae praetorianae te suggestu atque insignibus collocamus, ut probatum iudicem sine metu provinciae suscipiant, quas hactenus inproborum cognovimus actione fatigatas. sed quamvis habeas paternam praefecturam Italico orbe praedicatam, aliorum tibi tamen exempla non ponimus: utere moribus tuis et omnium vota complesti. [10] Percurre iuvante deo gloriae campum, quem semper a te novimus expetitum. nam si te continentem, ut credimus, et dignitas ista probaverit, hoc est saeculi ambitiosa superasse. solitus es quidem iusta non vendere: sed nunc oportet inpensius laesis per iniuriam subvenire. invigilet incorruptibilis sensus adversus male consuetas manus: excludatur undique studium fraudulentum, quia hoc dignum est per iudicem provenire sincerum. diutius quidem differendo pro te cunctorum vota lassavimus, ut et benivolentiam in te probaremus generalitatis et cunctis desiderabilior advenires. habet hoc enim humana condicio, ut celerius adepta fastidio sint, dum omne pretiosum vilescit oblatum et contra dulcius accipitur, quod sub aliqua dilatione praestatur. [11] Sed non sumus tantummodo de tuorum temporum laude contenti: perquire omnia ad titulos praefecturae praetorianae pertinentia, quae aliorum visa est fraudare cupiditas. non liceat quemquam gloriari furtis aut praeiudiciis suis. lumen te inmisimus rebus celatis, quando nec prudentiae tuae quisquam poterit illudere nec fidem aliqua oblatione lentare. [12] Constitue et huic regulam dignitati, qui ante actis fascibus mirabilis continentiae exempla praebuisti. nam licet paene omnes honores summos aequaliter egeris, habes tamen proposita conscientiae bona, ubi nullam decet esse mensuram. hic enim decorum est terminum non habere: hic honesta probatur ambitio, cuius etiam et nimietas placet. omne siquidem praedicandum quanto profusius quaeritur, tanto gloriosius invenitur.
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From:Athalaric (through Cassiodorus), King of the Ostrogoths
To:Senator, Praetorian Prefect
Date:~527 AD
Context:Athalaric appoints Cassiodorus's father to the Praetorian Prefecture, the highest civil office, with an extensive praise of his career and family history.
If our will had found you still obscure or unhonored, we would rejoice in the discovery but rightly hesitate about your abilities -- hope rather than proven results would guide our judgment. But since your distinguished career has provided rich evidence of your character, and since successive honors have confirmed what each new trial tested, we raise you to the Praetorian Prefecture not as a gamble but as a reward.
Your family's service to the state stretches back through generations. Your father served with integrity under our predecessors, and before him, your grandfather and great-grandfather held positions of trust. You yourself have passed through a succession of offices -- each one more demanding than the last -- and at every stage you have emerged with your reputation not merely intact but enhanced.
The Praetorian Prefecture is the summit of civil administration. The Prefect oversees the provinces, manages the treasury's interests, adjudicates appeals, and ensures that the machinery of government operates smoothly from the Alps to the tip of Calabria. It is an office that demands not only legal knowledge and administrative skill but also the moral authority to command respect from both the powerful and the humble.
We believe you possess all these qualities. Your incorruptibility was proven when you handled public funds and returned every coin accounted for. Your courage was shown when you delivered unwelcome truths to powerful men without flinching. Your compassion was evident in the care you showed for the ordinary people who came before your tribunal.
Take up this great office, then, with the confidence of one who has earned it. Govern the provinces with justice, manage the revenues with integrity, and maintain the peace that is the foundation of all prosperity. Remember that the Praetorian Prefect is the king's voice in the provinces -- what you say and do reflects upon us. We have every confidence that the reflection will be a worthy one.
Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.