Letter 40

UnknownAper|c. 422 AD|paulinus nola
From: Paulinus and Therasia, Nola
To: Aper and Amanda (and their family)
Date: ~422 AD
Context: A rich theological letter opening with a meditation on Ecclesiastes 3 ("To everything there is a season") and moving through themes of time, eternity, and the spiritual meaning of fasting and feasting.

To the holy brothers Aper and Amanda — Meropius Paulinus and Therasia send greetings in God and Christ.

"To everything there is a season, and a time for every matter under heaven" [Ecclesiastes 3:1]. Above heaven there is no time, because eternity has no seasons — an eternity the Creator has granted even to his creatures in heaven, though he alone possesses eternity as his own nature and "dwells in unapproachable light" [1 Timothy 6:16]. True eternity exists in him alone, who alone is what he is, as he himself says: "I am who I am" [Exodus 3:14]. All other things have their being only in him.

So then: a time for everything under heaven. A time for rest, a time for business. A time for silence, a time for speech. A time for hunger and a time for feasting. Until now it has been our time to fast from your words; now the time has come to feast on them. For you have fed us with your letter — words sweet with the word of God and anointed with the oil of gladness [Psalm 45:7].

[The letter develops into an extended theological meditation on the relationship between time and eternity, arguing that the rhythms of daily life — eating and fasting, speaking and silence, work and rest — are not merely natural cycles but echoes of the divine order. Paulinus interprets the seasons of Ecclesiastes as a guide to the spiritual life: the Christian must learn when to speak and when to be silent, when to give and when to receive, when to act and when to pray. He discusses at length the spiritual meaning of the Church's liturgical calendar, connecting the rhythms of fasting and feast days to the larger drama of salvation history. The letter also contains practical discussions of their mutual friends, news from Nola, and reflections on the couple's children and their spiritual development. It closes with an extended benediction asking that the God who orders all times and seasons will bring them all together in the eternal present of heaven, where time will give way to timeless joy.]

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.

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