Letter 35: FRIEDBERG, Decr. Gratiani, XXIV, I, 34, c, 979-980; MANSI, IX, c.

Pelagius to Viator and Pancratius, illustrious men. We are greatly amazed at how you, who firmly hold the salutary judgment of not dividing oneself from the communion of unity, should have any doubt whether you ought to abstain from the sacrifices — or rather the sacrileges — of the schismatics, when by this alone, that they are schismatics, it is established that they are not in the unity of the Church. For schism itself, which is a Greek word, means a tearing apart; but in unity there can be no tearing. Therefore those who communicate with schismatics do not communicate with unity: they have made factions for themselves, and from that which is one — to speak now in the words of the apostle Jude — they have segregated themselves and do not have the Spirit. From all of which it follows that because they are not one in unity, because they did not wish to remain in the part, and because they do not have the Spirit, they cannot have the sacrifice of the body of Christ. Refer to this all those things which are contained in your letter to our sons, and especially that point which you did not wish to raise from the example of blessed Cyprian — since in this too the greatest glory of that same martyr lies: namely, that although he himself held a quite different opinion about rebaptizing heretics, nevertheless he wrote and spoke in favor of preserving the bond of ecclesiastical unity. But the question before us now is not whether we should tolerate the wicked, but whether we should associate ourselves with schismatics. For if these people, although abounding in their own opinion, were yet seeking the truth while positioned within the maternal womb, they were not to be repelled by us, so long as truth had shone forth among them under the guidance of reason. But because they have separated themselves from the universal Church, as blessed Augustine says: Every Catholic rightly detests that party which he knows does not communicate with the universal Church, strengthened by the apostolic sees. Nor does their crime become lighter — rather it grows heavier — because, as you have said, they long resisted receiving into their communion those who communicated with the apostolic sees. For in this, while those too are to be blamed who were unwilling to communicate with such people, yet far more execrable are those who spurned the communion of the apostolic sees not only in bishops but even in laymen themselves. Nor does it benefit them that, as you report in those same letters, they claim to have suspended themselves from our communion out of ignorance of the reasoning or out of simplicity of understanding. For this very thing is precisely why they are schismatics: not that any evidence of differing belief divided them, but that, fearing certain things brought before them yet unknown to them, and rashly believing against the apostolic sees, the worst opinion divided them. Blessed Augustine expressly declares such a thing to be schism, saying of such people: He who, by rashly believing against the authority of those churches which merited both to have apostolic sees and to receive apostolic letters, will not be able to ward off from himself the most monstrous crime of schism. In sum: either you believe those people to be the Church — and since there cannot be two churches, you would, God forbid, declare us schismatics — or if you acknowledge that the true Church exists in the apostolic sees, then recognize that they are separated from unity, and understand that the question of communion has been removed, since true communion, it is established, cannot exist except in unity. Do not, therefore, as if there were no difference between schismatics and the Church, wish to associate indiscriminately with the sacrifices of both sides. For it is not the body of Christ which a schismatic confects, if we are directed by truth. For no one will be able, without the apostle's condemnation, to fabricate the claim that Christ is divided. There is one Church — as has often been said — which is the body of Christ, and it is established to be one; it cannot be divided into two or more. For as soon as anyone departs from it, it ceases to be the Church for him. Jerusalem has one temple: it is necessary that whoever has divided himself must offer sacrifice to idols. As for Bishop Paulinus, allay your fear somewhat, and the charges which you say can still be increased against him — set them aside as no longer necessary, as children of the Church. For nothing of the sort you suspect can be persuaded upon us by anyone. Rather, what the censure of the apostolic see aims at in this matter is that he not be deprived of the benefits of the penance granted to him, but that by supplicating Him who has the power to forgive sins, he may obtain pardon from His body — whose Head is ours — both in the judgment to come, and in this present age if he has so repented. Nevertheless, we have ordered him, with severe rebuke, through our deacons, to depart from here immediately and hasten to the monastery where he had been confined. Otherwise he should know that he would be bound in chains, placed on a ship, and transported back to the aforesaid place of penance. He promised that he would go voluntarily.

FRIEDBERG, Decr. Gratiani, XXIV, I, 34, c, 979-980; MANSI, IX, c. 731-732; MIGNE, PL. 69, c. 412-413; (7; 10; 13-14) WOLF V, GLANVELL, Deusdedit Coli, can., I, 175, 176, 178, p. 110; (15-17) EWALD, NA., V, Coli. Brit., Pelag. ep. 22, p. 545-546. PELAGIUS [PAPA] UIATORI ET PANCRATIO ILLUSTRI¬ BUS. Ualde mirati sumus quamadmodum salubrem sententiam [ de non diuidendo se quemquam ab unitatis communione firmiter retinentes, utrum uos ab scismaticorum sacrificiis, potius autem (2-3; 5-14), C, fol. 127^^-^^, C 3 fol. 100-100'', C 4 fol. 94^-94''^; fol. 33: (1: a scismatico- nim... debeatis; 7; 10: beatus...; 13-14); D* fol. 179-179''; E^ fol. 46^^'^^: (5-9), E^ fol. 66''^, Ea fol. 70'', E 4 fol. 35^; H fol. 25''^: (l:a scismatic... debeatis; 13-14); I fol. 50''-5r: (1-5; 7-9; 11-13); J fol. 105-105'': (eadem); Oi fol. 214^-215: (2-3; 5-13), fol. 202''^-203\ O 3 fol. 23T'-232, O 4 fol. 236''-237; P^ fol. 428-428^: (2-3; 5-13), P^ fol. 157-157'', P, fol. 130^: (2-3; 13: unam...), P 4 fol. 145-145'': (2-3; 5-13); Q fol. 68-68'': (2-3; 5-13); Si fol. 152-152'': (2-3; 5-13), S* fol. 283-283''. 1 -pelagius] ex pelasius E,» pellagius 0 * O 4 , (p)elagius (p parv. add.) Pj, idem (pelagius) D P S papa] om. B D E H I J Q panchratio D^, paucrado E 4 , pangrantio J, patrido Q uiatori... illustr.] om. OPS, illustr. om. H, add. inter cete¬ ra C £) 3 quemquam] J (cf. ep. 7, l. 6) : quenquam I 4 uos] om. J ab] a. D H Tit. Uiatori et Pancratio illustribus: Hac una epistula cogniti; cum gloriosi non fuerint, inlustres meri honorarii aut vacantes sunt habendi. 1. Huius paragraphi iuvamine potui proprium adsignare locum sen¬ tentiae Deusdedit, I, 177: a scismaticorum ... debeatis, quam P. Ewaed, 0 . c., l. c., p. 545, n. 1, qui hunc textum non noverat, posuerat in 7° loco. I EPisruEA 35,1-4 g sacrilegiis, abstinere debeatis, aliquatenus dubitetis, cum per hoc solum quod scismatici sunt in unitate eos non esse constet eccle¬ siae. Scisma siquidem ipsum, quod graecum nomen est, scissuram sonat; sed in unitate scissura esse non potest. Non ergo unitati communicant [qui scismaticis communicat]: partes sibi ipsi fece- jo runt, et ab eo quod unum est, ut apostoli ludae uerbis iam loquar: semet ipsos segregantes. Spiritum non ha¬ bent. Quibus omnibus illud efficitur, ut quia in unitate unum non sunt, ut quia in parte esse noluerunt, ut quia Spiritum non habent, corpus Christi sacrificium habere non possint. Ad hoc I uniuersa illa reuocate, quae in uestra ad filios nostros continentur [i epistula, maximeque illud quod de beati Cypriani exemplo ponere [j noluistis; siquidem et in hoc maxima eiusdem martyris gloria est: debetis D H, add. idem in eadem epla. [epla. ow.] (seq. ^ 7) D, add. item (seq. ^13-14) H aliqua tinus dubitatis J per] om. I 6 solum] solo I non esse] scripsi : esse non I J 7 siquidem] quidem C^ C, C* graec. nomen est] C J 0 P Q Sii graec. est nom. est Sg, graec. est nomen (an recte?) I 8 unitate] ueritate Os 9 com¬ municant] IJ : communicat C 0 P Q S qui scismat. communicat] om. I J ipsis Oj Og fecerunt ipsi O 3 O 4 10 ut] et Pj apostolis Oj Og uerbis iam] I J : iam uerbis C 0 P Q S 11 semed Cj ipsum Sg congregantes O 3 O 4 12 efficitur illud C 3 G 3 C 4 ut] et Pj unitates C, C 4 12-13 non unum Ps 13 in partem P 2 P 4 , in- patre 0,, impatre Og 14 corpus] corporis Holstenius possint] C^ J Oi O 2 Q S, ex possunt I (?): possunt C Os 0* P 15 continetur I 16 beati] superscr. I 2. Scisma... scissuram sonat: His similia apud A. Augustinum, Sermo CCh, 2 (In dieb. Paschal. XXI): Quid enim sunt schismata nisi scissurae.^ (MiGNE, PL. 38, c. 1165). Non ... unitati communicant: Lectionem quam proferunt coli, pleraeque itemque Gratianus: Non... communicat qui scismaticis commu¬ nicat reieci ut interpolatam. (Cf. apparatum). Introducit enim singularem in contextum plurali numero et ante et postea expressum; cursum inritat. E contrario, textus in editione selectus est brevior, difficilior, rhythmum servat, quae omnia, simul cum adsint, eum esse genuinum evincunt. apostoli ludae uerbis: lud., 19; Cf. 1 Cor., 2,14. 3. corpus Christi sacrificium: Locutio difficilior quidem est, sed ita codd. omnes legerunt. An sacrificium fuit interpolatum tempore pugnarum adversus simoniacos? Cf. infra § 13. An corrigendum esset forte corpus in corporis, sicut iam fedt Holstenius (Migne, PL. 69, c. 412), aut certe legendum corpus Xti., sacrificium, vel corpus Xti. <6/> sacrificium? Mihi autem magis placet ut rehqui. 4. epistula: Amissa ut videtur. beati Cypriani: Argumentum consimile in opere A. Augustini De baptismo, II, 4,5-5, 6 (M. PETSCHENIG, CSEL., t. LI, p. 179-180). ^ 7. —p. Univ.-Bibl. Baifnberg PEI.AGII I PAPAE quod, cum diuersum nimis de rebaptizandis hereticis ipse senti¬ ret, unitatis tamen ecclesiasticae uinculum conseruandum esse et opere scripsit et uoce. Non autem nobis mmc illa quaestio est, 5 utrum tolerare malos, sed utrum debeamus scismaticis sociari. Si enim isti, licet in suo sensu abundantes, intra materna tamen 6 positi uiscera quaererent ueritatem, a nobis repellendi non erant, donec apud eos ratione duce [rei] ueritas claruisset. Sed quia se ab 7 uniuersali ecclesia diuiserunt, sicut beatus Augustinus ait: Omnis catholicus securus eam partem detestatur, cui ecclesiam u n i u e r s a 1 e m a p o s t o 1 i c i s sedi¬ bus roboratam non communicare cognoscit. Nec enim leuigat eorum crimen magis uero auget, quod eos diu 8 restitisse dixistis, ne apostolicis communicantes sedibus in sua communione reciperent. In hoc enim, dum et illi culpandi sunt, qui communicare tahbus noluerunt, multo magis tamen illi exe- crahdi sunt, qui non solum in sacerdotibus communionem aposto- licarum sedium uerum in ipsis etiam laicis spreuerunt. Sed nec 9 illud eis prodest, quod eos in eisdem htteris uel ignorantia rationis toUerare O* scimathicis (an pro schismat..?,) B sociari] ex sociare /, sociare £4 P B C2 Os O4 Pj Si tamen] om. P4 23 uiscera] ex uucera (?J B 2 que¬ ri tent E reppellendi Pg P 4 erant] essent C 24 rei] om. B E Q ueritatis C 4 detest. partem S destatur B^ 27 eccles. uniuers.] B B^ C^D E O P^Q Si uniuers. eccles. C I J P 2 P 4 , uniuers. eplam. Cg 28 conmunic. E^ £ 4 , (?) Cg, comunicantes C 4 iterat, et delet. (lin. subnotat.) in B 30 restitisse] restituisse B dixisti seq. ne apostoli¬ cis iterat, et delet, (lin. subnotat.) in B conmunic. (semper) £ 4 , (aliquando) Cg com- munic. sedibus] non communic. sedibus Cj Cg Oi Og, sedibus communic. I J 30-31 in sua... culpandi] om. C Oj Og 31 reciperent] susciperent I J sunt] B E Os O4, ex sint Pj: sint (recte fortasse) C I J Oj Og P Q S 32-33 qui... sunt] add. in marg. B 2 (?), om. Pi 32 qui] quod C Oi Og comunic. B uoluerint O 3 O 4 multo] om. B illis C 33 conmun. (saepe) £ 1 , comun. Sj, conmunem Cg, comunem C 4 34 uerum] etiam huc transp. I in] om. Pj etiam] E J (I) : om. B C O P Q S spreuerunt] C £j E^I J Oi O2S : speruerunt £ 3 , ex sperauer. £ 3 , sperauerunt B O 3 O 4 Q, in marg. corr. Pg, separauerunt Pu se separauerunt Pg, spauerunt P 4 35 eos] eis C Oi Og 7. beatus Augustinus ait: Uhinam invenire non valui. Cf. tamen notulas ad ep. 24,18, p. 77. Quaedam vero his similia sunt in libris A. Augustini Contra epistulam Parmenianiy III, 4,24 (M. PETSCHEnig, CSKb., t. EI, p. 131). nes omnes schismaticorum. uel simphcitate intellectus sui a nostra se communione suspen¬ disse perhibetis. Id enim ipsum magis est propter quod scismatici sunt,, quia non eos diuersa sentiendi indicium, sed quaedam apud se delata sibi tamen incognita metuentes, et contra apostohcas sedes temere credentes pessima diuisit opinio. Quod scisma spe- 10 cialiter esse beatus enuntiat Augustinus dicens de talibus: Aduersus auctoritatem illarum ecclesiarum quae apostolicas sedes et epistulas accipere meruerunt temere credendo, immanissimum scismatis crimen a se propulsare non pote¬ rit. Ad summam, aut illos esse ecclesiam creditis, et cum duae 11 ecclesiae esse non possint, nos, quod absit, scismaticos indicabi¬ tis, aut si neram in apostolicis sedibus esse constat ecclesiam, et illos ab unitate diuisos cognoscite et communionis quaestionem esse sublatam, quam neram nisi in unitate constat esse non posse. Noli ergo, quasi nulla scismaticorum atque ecclesiae differentia 12 sit, uelle indifferenter utrorumque sacrificiis sociari. Non est 13 enim Christi corpus quod sdsmaticus conficit, si ueritate duce simplicitatem Sj sui intellectus S se comun. £, conmun. se E^ suspen-] ex sup- pen- Si 37 perhibetis] probetis P^ id] om. Q enim ipsum] B E : ipsum autem /, ip¬ sum enim C I O P Q S [enim super scr.'] Og scimatici B 38 non] add. in Cg C 3 C 4 sen¬ tiendi] ex sentiendum Og aput B 39 incognita] om. P 4 metuentes] ex metuenda (?) Sjet] id est C 4 39-40 apostolicam sedem C O P Q S 40 pessuna/.^j Cg oppinio Pi scisma] ex sdssina Og 41 esse] om. B^ D enuntiat] B C D O Q S: denuntiat Pj P august. enunt. de talibus [dicens om.] Pi D 42 aduersus] B P Q'. aduersum C^ O S, qui aduersus C, qui aduersum Pi D eccles.] om. O 43 apostolica Oi Og Pi epistu¬ las] i post 1 expunx. B 44 credendo] credit Pj C P, add. iter, meruer. Pj inmanissi- mum C O 4 Pg P 4 45 scism. crimen] B BiD: crimen scism. C O P Q S, scism. eras. Pi poterit] ex potat Sj 46 ad summam aut] I O 3 Q S: ad summ. autem P /, assu¬ mam aut C O P illos] alios C eccles. esse I /, esse in eccles. Cg Cg C 4 47 esse eccles. O 3 O 4 possunt Os P nos] non Cg C 3 C 4 iudicabi-] ex iudicaba- J 48 ue- ram] uestra Cg Cs C 4 , uero P constat esse Cg C 3 C 4 O 3 O 4 Sg 49 unitate] ex eni- tate Sj cognoscite] ex cognoscete cognoscitis J 50 nisi] om. Cg C 3 C 4 non posse] om. B 51 noli] ex nali I nulla] om. Pj 52 indeferenter O 4 53 enim] om. C D O P Q S Christus J 10. beatus... Augustinus: Simile quid invenitur in De doctrina Christiana, II, 8, 12: ... inter quas sane illae sint, quae apostolicas sedes habe¬ re, et ah ea meruerunt accipere epistolas... (MiGNE, PE. 34, c. 40; H. J. Vo- GEES \Florileg. Patrist., fasc. 23], Bonnae, 1930, p. 24). 13. Non est... Christi corpus quod scismaticus conficit: Non quod Pelagius deneget vim consecrationi schismaticorum, quamvis medio aevo in controversiis contra simoniacos perverso sensu eis verbis quidam male usi fuerint, ad iura sedis apostolicae propugnanda. Cf. Gerhohi, Episto- PBIvAGII I PAPAE dirigimur. Nec enim diuisum esse Christum, poterit quisquam sine apostoli reprobatione confingere. Unam, ut saepe dictum est, quae Christi corpus est, constat esse ecclesiam; [quae] in duo uel in plura diuidi non potest: simul enim, cum ab ea quisque discesserit, esse desistit ecclesia. Untun Hierusalem templum est: ydohs ne- 14 cesse est ut immolet, qui semet ipsum diuiserit. [Item]. De Paulino 15 autem episcopo timorem uestrum paulisper infringite, et ea quae in illum adhuc augeri posse dicitis crimina, uelut iam non necessa¬ ria sicut ecclesiae filii post ponite. Nihil enim nobis tale quale suspicamini a quoquam poterit suaderi. Magis autem hoc aposto- 16 licae censura sedis agimus, ut concessae sibi paenitentiae beneficiis non fraudetur; sed illi qui potens est peccata dimittere supplican¬ do, ut illic in eius qui caput nostrum est iudicio, et in praesenti si ita paenituerit saeculo, ab eius corpore ueniam consequatur. Quem tamen nos cum graui obiurgatione per diaconos hinc confes- 17 tim exire, et ad monasterium in quo relegatus fuerat properare 58-54 si... dirigimur] om. D H 54 nec] neque H poter, christ. H quispiam Cj probatione Pi confingere] ex confringere Ca, congere 0 ^ 56 corpus chri. est Q, est chri. corpus (recte fort., cf. l. 52-53) IJ constat esse] C D I J Oi Og: esse cons¬ tat H Og O4 P Q 5, add. ad quae^] et 5, om. Ci IJ 0 P Q 57 in] im (implura) O2, om. C2 C 3 C 4 D 5 cum] om. C3 C 4 ab] ad Cg quisquis Q discesserit] om. I J 58 eccles. esse desistit P iherusalem Cg, ierusalem C ydolis] D: ydolo Cg, idolo C 59 imolet C 4 semed Cj 61 quaedam eras, aut delet, sup. verba adhuc... posse, -a uelut iam vid. in B 67 penituerit ^penit., ut solet) ex potuerit B lam ad Innocentium papam (B. Sacrur, MGH., De lite, t. III, p. 225-226); Biusdem, Librum de simoniacis (Idem, ihid., p. 264-267); Anonymi, Trac¬ tatum de scismaticis (I. DrBTERiCH-H. BoehmEr, ibid., p. 112-130); DEUS- DEDIT, Libell. contra invasores et simoniacos, II, 3-4 (B) (B. Sackur, MGH., De lite, t. II, p. 320-322). Contra, pontificis verba spirituaHter sunt intel¬ legenda: corpus enim Christi (ut paulo infra dicit) est Bcclesia. Cf. etiam ep. 60,3, p. 161; S. Tromp, Corpus Xti. quod est Ecclesia (Pontif. Univ. Greg.), t. I, Romae, 1946, p. 80. Pelagii mens consonat prorsus eis, quae Cyprianus et A. Augustinus, quorum verba adlegavit, scripserant. Cf., verbi gratia, S. Cypriani, De catholicae ecclesiae unitate, 4-6 (G. HarTel, CSBB., t. III, 1, p. 212-215). Cf. etiam ep. 24, 14, p. 76-77. sine apostoli reprobatione: Cf. 1 Cor., 1,10-13; 12,12-27. cetera. 15. De Paulino... episcopo: Forosemproniensem praesulem esse reor, de quo infra loquitur in epp. 60,1-3; 69; 70; 71,1, p. 159-160; 178-182. EPisruBA 35,13-17 praecepimus, alioquin sciret, se ferro uinctum atque naui inpositum, ad praedictum locum paenitentiae reportari: qui absolute se am¬ bulaturum esse promisit. 17. naui inpositum: Monasterium ubi relegatus fuerat contumax antistes in insula quadam forte situm erat. Cf. simile exemplum in ep. 92,2, p. 219. PEIrAGII I PAPAE Episcopum Bonum rogat, ut subdiaconatus ordine initietur mo¬ nachus Rufinus a Teodoro designatus. Postea vero mittat eum Romam, quo papa eum sacerdotio insignire possit: itaque in basilica sancti Lau¬ rentii divina officia tempore paschali celebrari valebunt.