Letter 3

Symmachus (Pope)Unknown|pope symmachus
From: Pope Symmachus, Bishop of Rome
To: Avitus, Bishop of Vienne
Date: ~501 AD
Context: Symmachus writes to Avitus of Vienne during the Laurentian Schism — the contested papal election that divided Rome for years.

Symmachus, bishop, to the most holy brother Avitus.

You will have heard various accounts of what has been happening in Rome, and I want to give you the account that is accurate rather than the account that serves anyone's faction.

The election that made me bishop of Rome was conducted according to the canons. The election that made Laurentius bishop of Rome was not — or rather, it was a second election conducted by those who were dissatisfied with the first, which is not a canonical second election but a schism. The king [Theoderic] has recognized my election as the legitimate one. The Laurentian party has not accepted this, and the disorders in the city continue.

I write to you because Avitus of Vienne is a man of genuine integrity and because the Gallic bishops have a role to play in the resolution of this crisis. Their recognition of the legitimate bishop of Rome matters; their refusal to recognize a schismatic claimant matters equally. I am asking for what I believe is simply just: that the canons be applied consistently, that the canonical election be recognized, and that the schism be treated as what it is.

In the peace of God,
Symmachus

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.