Letter 5005: Item ad eundem de Iudaeis conversis per Avitum episcopum Arvernum
Venantius Fortunatus→Gregory of Tours|c. 576 AD|Venantius Fortunatus
conversionfriendship
To Gregory, on Jews Converted by Bishop Avitus of Clermont
To my holy lord, worthy to be proclaimed for his apostolic merits, my dear lord and father in Christ, Bishop Gregory [of Tours] — Fortunatus sends greetings.
You prod me, most excellent father, with serious eagerness though with genuine sweetness, to speak in verse — I who am tongueless in poetry — and to run in pedestrian meter and at least touch gracefully, if not elegantly, on the praise of the praiseworthy and apostolic lord Bishop Avitus [bishop of Clermont, who in 576 had the local synagogue demolished and offered the Jewish community the choice of baptism or exile; most accepted baptism] from the occasion that has arisen.
Since you have not found in me what a careful eloquence demands, I yield to your holy authority and offer what little my tongue can manage, paying obedience rather than displaying skill.
The bishop Avitus burned with zeal for souls and with the faith of his office, and he achieved what the ancient law could only prefigure: he led the people of Israel, who had lived under the shadow of the old covenant, into the clear light of Christ's baptism. What Moses obtained for one crossing of the Red Sea [the Exodus], Avitus has achieved by the waters of a new baptism — many souls rescued from the bondage of error and brought into the freedom of Christ's people.
Not by compulsion of the sword alone but by the word of grace and the weight of apostolic authority, he brought a hard-hearted people — a people long resistant to the good news — to receive the faith. The stone temple gave way to a living one; the letter passed into the spirit; the shadow yielded to the truth.
Let Clermont rejoice that its bishop has done this work. Let the church celebrate that what was lost now returns — that those who once crucified are now baptized, that the people of the promise have found their fulfillment at last.
[Closing verse:]
Avitus accomplished what the ancient world had waited for —
bringing the Jewish people at last to the baptismal font.
In one city of Gaul what ages had not achieved,
the bishop's faith and perseverance have now made real.
V
Item ad eundem de Iudaeis conversis per Avitum episcopum Arvernum
DOMINO SANCTO ET MERITIS APOSTOLICIS PRAECONANDO DOMNO ET IN CHRISTO
PATRI GREGORIO PAPAE FORTVNATVS. Instigas; pater optime, seria curiositate, sincera
tamen dulcedine, carmine elinguem proloqui et currere pigrum versu pedestri atque
de laude laudabilis et apostolici viri domni Aviti pontificis ex eventu occasionis inlatae
etsi non aliqua compte, saltim comiter praelibare; cum in me non inveneris quod
dictionis luculentia diligeres, sed deleres et, ut ipse mei sum conscius, habeas apud
nos non quod tam probes quam reprobes: praesertim cum instans portitor per verba
singillatim hianti fauce cadentia quasi gravis exactor non me tam fenora solvere
cogeret quam pensaret. (2) Sub quo, licet illum praeceps iter inpingeret, mihi
interanhelanti vix licuerit respirare, tamen praeceptis vestris, licet inpliciter expeditis,
paremus devoti potius quam placemus, vobis reputaturi nescio magis an tempori, quod
illi hoc iniungitur qui non habebat apud se nec modum nec spatium. sed obsequella
morigeri, servitute devoti, quod a vobis in laude praedicti pontificis amore praecipitur,
honore cantetur.
In venerabilibus famulis operator opime.
condecet ut semper laus tua, Christe, sonet:
inspirans animum, votum effectumque ministrans,
et sine quo nullum praevalet esse bonum.
lumine perspicuo fecundans pectora vatum,
ut populis generent viscera sancta fidem,
supra candelabrum positi, quorum ore corusco
dogmatis igne micans luceat alma domus,
et velut est oculus capitis qui dirigit artus,
sic pia pastoris cura gubernet oves;
pectora pontificum ditans virtute superna,
tu deus omnipotens, summe, perennis apex,
spiritus alme, sacri labiis infusus Aviti,
per famulum loqueris, crescat ut ordo gregis.
qui non contentus numero quem accepit ab illo
vilicus hic domini dupla talenta refert.
plebs Arverna etenim, bifido discissa tumultu,
urbe manens una non erat una fide.
Christicolis Iudaeus odor resilibat amarus
obstabatque piis impia turba sacris.
extollens cervix domini iuga ferre recusans,
sic tumidis animis turget inane cutis.
quos in amore dei monitabat saepe sacerdos,
ut de conversis iret ad astra seges.
sed caligosi recubans velaminis umbra
pectora taetra premens cernere clara vetat.
venerat ergo dies, dominus qua est redditus astris
ac homo sidereum pendulus iit iter:
plebs armante fide Iudaica templa revellit
et campus patuit quo synagoga fuit.
tempore quo Christi repedavit ad alta potestas,
ille quod ascendit, res inimica ruit.
hic tamen antistes Moysei lege rebelies
adloquitur blande, quos dabat ira truces:
῾ quid facis, o Iudaea cohors nec docta vetustas?
ut vitam renoves, credere disce senes.
lactea canities sapiat maiora iuventae;
sensum pone gravem quo puerile fuit.
non pudeat meliora sequi vel tarda veternos:
corpore deficiens crescat honore senes.
èst deus, alta fides, unus trinus et trinus unus :
personis propriis stat tribus unus apex.
nam pater et genitus, quoque sanctus spiritus idem:
sic tribus est unum ius opus ordo thronus.
legifer hoc reboat, patriarcha hoc credit Abraham:
hinc pater est nobis, est quia nostra fides.
tres videt aequales, unum veneratus adorat;
unum voce rogat, tres quoque pelve lavat.
sic patruo similis Loth suscipit hospes euntes;
quos cibat in Sodomis, hi rapuere Segor,
cum a domino dominus pluit igni triste Gomorrae:
filius et pater est, a domino dominus.
qui tuus, ipse meus stat conditor atque creator:
huius plasma sumus, qui est trinitate deus.
unius estis oves, heu, cur non uniter itis?
sit rogo grex unus, pastor ut unus adest.
rennuis? an recolis quod canna Davitica pangit
quodque prophetali virgine fetus agit?
in cruce transfixus palmis pedibusque pependit,
sed corrupta caro non fuit ex tumulo;
post triduum remeans sanat nos vulnere longo:
quod rediit caelis, testis et ista dies,
crede meis aut crede tuis, convicta senectus;
si fugis ac trepidas, nec legis ista legens.
protrahimus verbum brevitatis tempore longum:
aut admitte preces aut, rogo, cede loco.
vis hic nulla premit, quo vis te collige liber:
aut meus esto sequax aut tuus ito fugax.
redde, colone, locum, tua duc contagia tecum :
aut ea sit sedes, si tenet una fides᾿.
haec pia verba viris miti dedit ore sacerdos,
ut sibi quo libeat semita cordis eat.
ast Iudaea manus, stimulante furore rebellis,
colligitur, rapitur, conditur inde domo.
Christicolae ut cernunt tunc agmina Manzara iungi,
protinus insiliunt qua latet ille dolus.
si fremerent, gladiis sentirent iusta cadentes:
vivere quo possint aut daret arma fides,
legati occurrunt vati mandata ferentes:
῾nos Iudaea manus iam tua caula sumus.
ne pereant, adquire deo qui vivere possunt;
si mora fit, morimur et tua lucra cadunt.
tende celer gressum: properes nisi praepete cursu,
funera natorum sunt tibi flenda, pater᾿.
fletibus his victus rapitur miserando sacerdos,
ut ferat adflictis rite salutis opem.
perveniunt quo clausa loco fera turba latebat,
quae occurrens lacrimis ingerit ore preces:
῾mens est tarda boni Iudaica iura tenenti,
lucem sero videt praetereunte die.
sic oculis cordis velum est ab origine tensum,
caecus ut ignoret quo via recta vocet.
sed tandem sequimur, pastor, quo saepe monebas,
qui sale tam dulci currere cogis oves.
credentes iam crede tuos nec fallere falsis;
nos lavacrum petimus, sit tibi praesto lacus.
sensimus effectu quod agebas rite precando,
quod per te hominem nos deus ipse monet᾿.
hinc trahit ad lucem quos texerat umbra negantes
militiaeque novae rex aperibat iter.
agmina conveniunt quondam diversa sub unum,
partibus et geminis fit deus unus amor.
hinc oleare ovium perfunditur unguine vellus
aspersuque sacro fit gregis alter odor.
ecce dies aderat qua spiritus almus ab alto
missus apostolicis fluxit in ora viris.
res sacra ruricolas, urbanos excitat omnes
certatimque aditus ad pia festa terunt.
abluitur Iudaeus odor baptismate divo
et nova progenies reddita surgit aquis.
vincens ambrosios suavi spiramine rores
vertice perfuso chrismatis efflat odor.
ingenti numero celebratur pascha novellum
ac de stirpe lupi progenerantur oves.
excepit populus populum, plebs altera plebem :
germine qui non est, fit sibi fonte parens.
undique rapta manu lux cerea provocat astra,
credas ut stellas ire trahendo comas.
lacteus hinc vestis color est, hinc lampade fulgor
ducitur et vario lumine picta dies,
nec festiva minus quam tunc fuit illa coruscans,
diversis linguis quae dedit una loqui.
quis, rogo, pontificis fuit illic sensus Aviti?
quam validus fervor, cum daret ista deo?
inter candelabros radiabat et ipse sacerdos,
diffuso interius spiritus igne micans.
tum sibi qualis erat, tam vera holocausta ferendo,
cum libeat vivo hostia viva deo?
si patriarcha placet, quoniam natum obtulit unum,
qui tantos offert quam placiturus erit?
Moyses non valuit fidei quos subdere nostrae
qui Christo adquirit, quod sibi munus erit?
fudit aromaticum domini libamen ad aram
incensumque novum misit ad astra deo.
obtinuit votum, quia iunxit ovile sub uno,
et grege de niveo gaudia pastor habet. –
Haec inculta tibi reputa, pater alme Gregor,
qui Fortunato non valitura iubes;
adde quod exiguum me portitor inpulit instans
et datur in spatiis vix geminata dies,
novimus, affectu potius quo diligis illum
hinc quem corde vides semper et ore tenes.
hoc tibi nec satis est, huius quod es ipse relator:
conpellis reliquos plaudere voce sibi.
non fuit in vacuum, quod te provexit alumnum:
sic cui mente fidem, reddis amore vicem.
annuat omnipotens, longo memoraliter aevo
ut tu laus illi, laus sit et ille tibi.
me quoque vos humilem pariter memoretis utrique
et pro spe veniae voce feratis opem.
◆
To Gregory, on Jews Converted by Bishop Avitus of Clermont
To my holy lord, worthy to be proclaimed for his apostolic merits, my dear lord and father in Christ, Bishop Gregory [of Tours] — Fortunatus sends greetings.
You prod me, most excellent father, with serious eagerness though with genuine sweetness, to speak in verse — I who am tongueless in poetry — and to run in pedestrian meter and at least touch gracefully, if not elegantly, on the praise of the praiseworthy and apostolic lord Bishop Avitus [bishop of Clermont, who in 576 had the local synagogue demolished and offered the Jewish community the choice of baptism or exile; most accepted baptism] from the occasion that has arisen.
Since you have not found in me what a careful eloquence demands, I yield to your holy authority and offer what little my tongue can manage, paying obedience rather than displaying skill.
The bishop Avitus burned with zeal for souls and with the faith of his office, and he achieved what the ancient law could only prefigure: he led the people of Israel, who had lived under the shadow of the old covenant, into the clear light of Christ's baptism. What Moses obtained for one crossing of the Red Sea [the Exodus], Avitus has achieved by the waters of a new baptism — many souls rescued from the bondage of error and brought into the freedom of Christ's people.
Not by compulsion of the sword alone but by the word of grace and the weight of apostolic authority, he brought a hard-hearted people — a people long resistant to the good news — to receive the faith. The stone temple gave way to a living one; the letter passed into the spirit; the shadow yielded to the truth.
Let Clermont rejoice that its bishop has done this work. Let the church celebrate that what was lost now returns — that those who once crucified are now baptized, that the people of the promise have found their fulfillment at last.
[Closing verse:] Avitus accomplished what the ancient world had waited for — bringing the Jewish people at last to the baptismal font. In one city of Gaul what ages had not achieved, the bishop's faith and perseverance have now made real.
Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.