Letter 5006: Ad Syagrium episcopum Augustidunensem

Venantius FortunatusSyagrius|c. 576 AD|Venantius Fortunatus
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VI. Ad Syagrium episcopum Augustidunensem
To Syagrius, Bishop of Autun

To my holy lord and most worthy of the apostolic see, lord Bishop Syagrius [bishop of Autun, c.560-600, a member of the old Gallo-Roman aristocracy and notable for his learning] — Fortunatus sends greetings.

I was sunk in the torpor of lazy idleness, my mind drunk with prolonged decay, growing stupid in lingering illness — drowsing without any concern gnawing at me for the work assigned, my reading neglected and my practice fallen away. I was getting nothing useful out of the topics that should have been turned into poetry; nothing was being pulled from the fleece that could be woven into cloth. In this sluggish state I was lying in the old bed of my crude and rusty mind, doing nothing worth anything, not even able to complain properly about my own waste.

But suddenly your letter arrived, holy father, like a bright lamp — or rather, like the sun itself — and woke my sleeping mind. The brilliance of your eloquence, the precision of your expression, the depth of your thought — these drove the darkness from me. I had not known what real writing looked like until yours arrived.

For how else can I describe it? Your letter was not composed — it was crafted. The sentences turn like a master craftsman's work. The words are chosen as if each one cost something. The arguments move with the certainty of men who know the ground they walk on. If Cicero [the great Roman orator, 106-43 BC] were to read it, he would nod in recognition. If Vergil were to hear it, he would find the rhythm familiar. You have kept alive in the city of Autun the full inheritance of Roman education — grammar, rhetoric, philosophy, the whole legacy — at a time when so many around you have let it fall to ruins.

And I have heard — and I report it with wonder — that you have even learned the Frankish language [this is a remarkable detail, as Latin-educated Roman bishops rarely bothered with Germanic vernaculars]. To speak with barbarians in their own tongue, to win their friendship by that condescension of the learned — this is apostolic work of a particular kind. Paul said he became all things to all men [I Corinthians 9:22]; you have done this literally, making yourself a Frank among the Franks.

I commend myself, my lord, to your prayers and your affection. May God preserve this great light of letters in Autun for many more years.

[Closing verses:]
Syagrius, glory of your city, father of wisdom,
who keeps the ancient arts alive in modern times —
you have learned the tongue of the Franks to serve their souls;
the Roman bishop has become all things to all.

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.

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