Letter 164: 1. It would not be easy for me to say how very much delighted I am with your holiness's letter. My words are too weak to express all that I feel; you, however, ought to be able to conjecture it, from the beauty of what you have written.

Basil of CaesareaAscholius, of Thessalonica|c. 366 AD|Basil of Caesarea|Human translated
christologyimperial politicsproperty economicstravel mobility
Barbarian peoples/invasions; Theological controversy; Persecution or exile

My dear Ascholius,

It would not be easy to say how much your letter delighted me. My words are too weak to express what I feel, but you should be able to guess it from the beauty of what you wrote. For what did your letter not contain? Love of God. A vivid account of the martyrs that put their struggle so plainly before my eyes I felt I was watching it unfold. Love and kindness toward me. Words of surpassing beauty.

When I took it into my hands and read it again and again, and sensed how abundantly full it was of the Spirit's grace, I felt transported back to the good old days -- when God's churches flourished, rooted in faith, united in love, every member in harmony as though part of one body. In those times the persecutors were out in the open, and so were the persecuted. The congregations grew larger the more they were attacked. The blood of the martyrs, watering the churches, nourished still more champions of the faith, each generation entering the struggle with the same fire as those who went before. In those days we Christians were at peace with one another -- the peace the Lord left us, which we have since driven away so cruelly that not a single trace of it remains.

Yet my soul did go back to that ancient blessedness when your letter arrived from a great distance, radiant with the beauty of love, and when a martyr came to me from wild regions beyond the Danube, preaching in his very person the exactness of the faith observed in those lands. Who could describe my joy? What words could capture what I felt?

When I saw the athlete, I blessed his trainer. He too, before the just Judge, after strengthening so many for the struggle on behalf of true religion, will receive the crown of righteousness.

Human translationNew Advent (NPNF / ANF series)

Latin / Greek Original

[Πρός: Ἀσχολίῳ, ἐπισκόπῳ Θεσσαλονίκης]

Ὅσης ἡμᾶς εὐφροσύνης ἐνέπλησε τὰ γράμματα τῆς ὁσιότητός σου ἡμεῖς μὲν οὐκ ἂν ῥᾳδίως ἐνδείξασθαι δυνηθείημεν, ἀσθενοῦντος τοῦ λόγου πρὸς τὴν ἐνάργειαν· αὐτὸς δὲ καὶ παρὰ σεαυτῷ εἰκάζειν ὀφείλεις, τεκμαιρόμενος τῷ κάλλει τῶν ἐπεσταλμένων. τί γὰρ οὐκ εἶχε τὰ γράμματα; οὐ τὴν πρὸς Κύριον ἀγάπην; οὐ τὸ περὶ τοὺς μάρτυρας θαῦμα, οὕτως ἐναργῶς τὸν τρόπον τῆς ἀθλήσεως ὑπογράφοντα, ὥστε ὑπʼ ὄψιν ἡμῖν ἀγαγεῖν τὰ πράγματα; οὐ τὴν περὶ ἡμᾶς αὐτοὺς τιμήν τε καὶ διάθεσιν; οὐχ ὅ τι ἂν εἴποι τις τῶν καλλίστων; ὥστε, ὅτε εἰς χεῖρας τὴν ἐπιστολὴν ἐδεξάμεθα, καὶ ἀνέγνωμεν αὐτὴν πολλάκις, καὶ τὴν βρύουσαν ἐν αὐτῇ χάριν τοῦ Πνεύματος κατεμάθομεν, νομίσαι ἡμᾶς ἐπὶ τῶν ἀρχαίων καιρῶν γεγενῆσθαι, ἡνίκα ἤνθουν αἱ ἐκκλησίαι τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἐρριζωμέναι τῇ πίστει, ἡνωμέναι τῇ ἀγάπῃ, ὥσπερ ἐν ἑνὶ σώματι μιᾶς συμπνοίας διαφόρων μελῶν ὑπαρχούσης· ὅτε φανεροὶ μὲν οἱ διώκοντες, φανεροὶ δὲ οἱ διωκόμενοι· πολεμούμενοι δὲ οἱ λαοὶ πλείους ἐγίνοντο, καὶ τὸ αἷμα τῶν μαρτύρων ἄρδον τὰς ἐκκλησίας πολυπλασίονας τοὺς ἀγωνιστὰς τῆς εὐσεβείας ἐξέτρεφε, τῷ ζήλῳ τῶν προλαβόντων ἐπαποδυομένων τῶν ἐφεξῆς. τότε Χριστιανοὶ μὲν πρὸς ἀλλήλους εἰρήνην ἤγομεν, εἰρήνην ἐκείνην, ἣν ὁ Κύριος ἡμῖν κατέλιπεν, ἧς νῦν οὐδʼ ἴχνος ἡμῖν λοιπὸν ὑπολέλειπται, οὕτως αὐτὴν ἀπηνῶς ἀπʼ ἀλλήλων ἀπεδιώξαμεν. πλὴν ἀλλʼ ὅτι αἱ ψυχαὶ ἡμῶν πρὸς τὴν παλαιὰν ἐκείνην μακαριότητα ἐπανῆλθον, ἐπειδὴ γράμματα μὲν ἦλθεν ἐκ τῆς μακρόθεν, ἀνθοῦντα τῷ τῆς ἀγάπης κάλλει, μάρτυς δὲ ἡμῖν ἐπεδήμησεν ἐκ τῶν ἐπέκεινα Ἴστρου βαρβάρων, δι’ ἑαυτοῦ κηρύσσων τῆς ἐκεῖ πολιτευομένης πίστεως τὴν ἀκρίβειαν. τίς ἂν τὴν ἐπὶ τούτοις εὐφροσύνην τῶν ψυχῶν ἡμῶν διηγήσαιτο; τίς ἂν ἐπινοηθείη δύναμις λόγου ἐναργῶς ἐξαγγεῖλαι τὴν ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ τῆς καρδίας ἡμῶν διάθεσιν δυναμένη; ὅτε μέντοι εἴδομεν τὸν ἀθλητήν, ἐμακαρίσαμεν αὐτοῦ τὸν ἀλείπτην, ὃς παρὰ τῷ δικαίῳ κριτῇ τὸν τῆς δικαιοσύνης στέφανον καὶ αὐτὸς ἀπολήψεται, πολλοὺς εἰς τὸν ὑπὲρ τῆς εὐσεβείας ἐπιρρώσας ἀγῶνα.
Ἐπεὶ δὲ καὶ τοῦ μακαρίου ἀνδρὸς Εὐτυχοῦς εἰς μνήμην ἡμᾶς ἤγαγες, καὶ ἐσέμνυνας ἡμῶν τὴν πατρίδα ὡς αὐτὴν παρασχομένην τῆς εὐσεβείας τὰ σπέρματα, εὔφρανας μὲν ἡμᾶς τῇ ὑπομνήσει τῶν παλαιῶν, ἐλύπησας δὲ τῷ ἐλέγχῳ τῶν ὁρωμένων. οὐδεὶς γὰρ ἡμῶν Εὐτυχεῖ τὴν ἀρετὴν παραπλήσιος, οἵ γε τοσοῦτον ἀπέχομεν βαρβάρους ἐξημερῶσαι τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ Πνεύματος καὶ τῇ ἐνεργείᾳ τῶν παρʼ αὐτοῦ χαρισμάτων, ὥστε καὶ τοὺς ἡμέρως ἔχοντας τῇ ὑπερβολῇ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν ἐξηγριῶσθαι. ἑαυτοῖς γὰρ λογιζόμεθα καὶ ταῖς ἡμετέραις ἁμαρτίαις τὴν αἰτίαν τοῦ ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον χυθῆναι τὴν τῶν αἱρετικῶν δυναστείαν. σχεδὸν γὰρ οὐδὲν μέρος τῆς οἰκουμένης διαπέφευγε τὸν ἐκ τῆς αἱρέσεως ἐμπρησμόν. τὰ δὲ σὰ διηγήματα, ἐνστάσεις ἀθλητικαί, σώματα ὑπὲρ τῆς εὐσεβείας καταξαινόμενα, θυμὸς βαρβαρικὸς ὑπὸ τῶν ἀκαταπλήκτων τὴν καρδίαν καταφρονούμενος, αἱ ποικίλαι βάσανοι τῶν διωκόντων, αἱ διὰ πάντων ἐνστάσεις τῶν ἀγωνιζομένων, τὸ ξύλον, τὸ ὕδωρ, τὰ τελειωτικὰ τῶν μαρτύρων. τὰ δὲ ἡμέτερα οἷα; ἀπέψυκται ἡ ἀγάπη· πορθεῖται ἡ τῶν πατέρων διδασκαλία· ναυάγια περὶ τὴν πίστιν πυκνά· σιγᾷ τῶν εὐσεβούντων τὰ στόματα· λαοὶ τῶν εὐκτηρίων οἴκων ἐξελαθέντες ἐν τῷ ὑπαίθρῳ πρὸς τὸν ἐν οὐρανοῖς Δεσπότην τὰς χεῖρας αἴρουσι. καὶ αἱ μὲν θλίψεις βαρεῖαι, μαρτύριον δὲ οὐδαμοῦ, διὰ τὸ τοὺς κακοῦνταλβ́ἡμᾶς τὴν αὐτὴν ἡμῖν ἔχειν προσηγορίαν. ὑπὲρ τούτων αὐτός τε δεήθητι τοῦ Κυρίου, καὶ πάντας τοὺς γενναίους ἀθλητὰς τοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς τὴν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν προσευχὴν συμπαράλαβε, ἵνα εἴπερ ἔτι χρόνοι τινὲς ὑπολείπονται τῇ συστάσει τοῦ κόσμου, καὶ μὴ πρὸς τὴν ἐναντίαν φορὰν συνελαύνεται τὰ πάντα, διαλλαγεὶς ὁ Θεὸς ταῖς ἑαυτοῦ ἐκκλησίαις ἐπαναγάγῃ αὐτὰς πρὸς τὴν ἀρχαίαν εἰρήνην.

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