Letter 41: 1. The heroic deeds of your present splendour are small, and your grand attack against me, or rather against yourself, is paltry. When I think of you robed in purple, a crown on your dishonoured head, which, so long as true religion is absent, rather disgraces than graces your empire, I tremble.

Basil of CaesareaJulian of Antioch|c. 359 AD|Basil of Caesarea|Human translated
education booksgrief deathillnessimperial politicsproperty economicswomen
Imperial politics; Military conflict; Literary culture

Basil to Julian.

1. The heroic deeds of your present position I leave to those better able to celebrate them. For my part, I pray that God may direct your government to the welfare of the commonwealth. As for me — what do I now possess that could make me worth a great man's friendship? I have nothing but a thin and wasted body, reduced by constant illness so that even a long journey is beyond me. What would you gain from such a companion? But if you value what our Creator gives — that old and genuine goodwill toward you that I have always carried — then this gift is yours, in full measure.

2. You invited me to visit you and held out the prospect of renewing the companionship of our student days [Basil and Julian had both studied in Athens in the early 350s]. Those were fine days, and the memory of them is precious. I must tell you plainly: I bring nothing with me but myself and my prayers. I possess no wealth, no worldly influence, no retinue fit for a court. Yet if any of these things seem adequate to you — and I trust they do, for you are a man of discernment — then I am yours to command.

3. The people of Caesarea, however, do wish me to present to your Majesty the pressing needs of our homeland. The city is in grave distress. If my visit can accomplish something for them, that alone would be reason enough for the journey. What I can offer you, I offer gladly: the honesty of an old friend.

Human translationNew Advent (NPNF / ANF series)

Latin / Greek Original

[Πρός: Βασίλειος Ἰουλιανῷ πρὸς ταῦτα]

Μικρά σου τὰ τῆς παρούσης τύχης ἀνδραγαθήματα, καὶ φαῦλα τὰ τῆς ἀριστείας, ἧς αὐτὸς ἠρίστευσας καθʼ ἡμῶν, οὐχὶ δὲ καθʼ ἡμῶν, ἀλλὰ καθʼ ἑαυτοῦ. ἐγὼ δὲ τρόμῳ συνέχομαι ὅταν λάβω κατὰ νοῦν πορφυρίδα σε περιβεβλῆσθαι, στεφάνῳ δὲ τὴν ἄτιμον κεκοσμῆσθαί σου κεφαλήν, ὅπερ δίχα εὐσεβείας οὐκ ἔντιμον, ἀλλʼ ἄτιμον καθίστησί σου τὴν βασιλείαν, ἀλλʼ αὐτός, ἐπανελθὼν καὶ ὑπερμεγέθης γενόμενος, ὥς γε φαῦλοι καὶ μισόκαλοι δαίμονες εἵλκυσάν σε εἰς τοῦτο, οὐ μόνον ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν φύσιν ἀνθρώπων φρονεῖν ἤρξω, ἀλλὰ καὶ εἰς Θεὸν ὑπεραίρεσθαι, καὶ τὴν πάντων μητέρα καὶ τιθηνὸν Ἐκκλησίαν ἐνυβρίζειν, μηνύσει χρησάμενος πρός με τὸν εὐτελέστατον χιλιάδα χρυσίου λιτρῶν ἐξαποσταλῆναί σοι παρʼ ἐμοῦ.
Καὶ ἡ μὲν τοῦ χρυσίου ὁλκὴ οὐκ ἐθάμβησέ μου τὴν διάνοιαν, εἰ καὶ μάλα πολλὴ καθέστηκεν, ἀλλὰ δακρῦσαί με πικρῶς παρεσκεύασεν ἐπὶ τῇ τοιαύτῃ ταχίστῃ σου ἀπωλείᾳ. ἐντεθύμημαι γὰρ καθʼ ἑαυτὸν ὡς ἐγώ τε αὐτὸς καὶ ἡ σὴ καλοκἀγαθία κοινῶς μεμαθήκαμεν τὰ ἱερὰ καὶ βέλτιστα γράμματα. ἑκάτεροι δὲ διεξήλθομεν τὰς ἁγίας καὶ θεοπνεύστους Γραφάς, καὶ ἐλάνθανε μέν σε τότε οὐδέν, ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ παρόντος ἀκόσμητος καθέστηκας, ὑπὸ τοιούτου φρονήματος στρατοπεδευθείς. ᾔδεις ἡμᾶς πρὸ τῆς χθές, γαληνότατε, ἐπʼ ἀπληστίᾳ χρημάτων μὴ πολιτεύεσθαι· νῦν δὲ κατὰ τὴν ἐνεστῶσαν δέκα ἑκατοντάδας χρυσίου λιτρῶν ἐξαποσταλῆναί σοι ἐπεζήτησας παρʼ ἡμῶν. φείσασθαι ἡμῶν τοίνυν θέλησον, γαληνότατε, τοσαῦτα κεκτημένων ὅσα, ἂν τήμερον θελήσωμεν φαγεῖν, οὐκ ἐξαρκέσει ἡμῖν. ἀργεῖ γὰρ ὡς εἰκὸς παρʼ ἡμῖν μαγείρων τέχνη, μάχαιρα δὲ αὐτῶν αἵμασιν οὐ προσομιλεῖ. τὰ μέγιστα τῶν παρʼ ἡμῖν βρωμάτων, ἐν οἷς ἡ δαψίλεια, χόρτων φύλλα σὺν ἄρτῳ τραχυτάτῳ καὶ τῷ ἐξεστηκότι οἴνῳ· ὥστε μὴ ἐκθαμβούμενα ἡμῶν τὰ αἰσθητήρια ὑπὸ τῆς γαστριμαργίας ἐπʼ ἀφροσύνῃ πολιτεύεσθαι.
Ἀπήγγειλε δέ μοι καὶ τοῦτο Λαῦσος ὁ σὸς περίβλεπτος τριβοῦνος, ὁ γνήσιός σοι περὶ τὰ ἐσπουδασμένα, ὡς γυνή τις προσέλευσιν ἐποιήσατο ἐπὶ τῆς σῆς γαληνότητος ἐπʼ ἀπωλείᾳ παιδὸς αὐτῆς φαρμακευθέντος, καὶ ὡς κέκριται παρʼ ὑμῶν φαρμακοὺς μὲν μηδαμοῦ εἶναι, ὄντας δὲ ἀναιρεῖσθαι, ἢ ἐκείνους μόνους περιποιεῖσθαι οἷς ἡ μάχη πρὸς τὰ θηρία. καὶ τοῦτο, ὀρθῶς κριθὲν παρʼ ὑμῶν, ξένον μοι πέφηνε. παντὸς γὰρ γέλωτος ἀνάμεστον τυγχάνει, πῶς τὰ μεγάλα ἄλγη τῶν τραυμάτων μικροῖς φαρμάκοις ἐπιχειρεῖς θεραπεύειν. Θεὸν γὰρ ἐνυβρίσας, χηρῶν καὶ ὀρφανῶν μάτην πρόνοιαν ποιῇ. τὸ μὲν γὰρ μανικὸν καὶ ἐπικίνδυνον, τὸ δὲ φιλοικτίρμονος καὶ συμπαθοῦς.
Ἐπαχθὲς ἡμῖν λέγειν πρὸς βασιλέα, ἰδιώτας ὄντας, ἐπαχθέστερον δέ σοι φανήσεται τὸ λέγειν πρὸς Θεόν. οὐδεὶς γὰρ μεσίτης Θεοῦ καὶ ἀνθρώπων φανήσεται. ἃ μέντοι ἀνέγνως, οὐκ ἔγνως· εἰ γὰρ ἔγνως, οὐκ ἂν κατέγνως,

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