Letter 1527

Isidore of PelusiumUnknown|isidore pelusium
From: Isidore of Pelusium, monk
To: Epiphanius the Deacon
Date: ~410 AD
Context: Isidore explains the etymology and meaning of the Greek word for 'pardon' (συγγνώμη).

Since you have asked where the word for pardon (συγγνώμη — literally, 'knowing together') gets its meaning when applied to forgiveness and release, here is what I think: because the man who has come to know himself — that is, the one who neither ignores his failures when he has failed, but keeps to the wise saying 'Know yourself,' nor, when he has done something right, becomes puffed up with arrogance if momentarily off his guard — such a man, learning his own nature and weakness and not imagining himself beyond human limits, fights against his own nature.

The man who truly 'knows together' — that is, who takes stock of himself honestly — is the one fitted to receive pardon, because he already holds within himself the beginning of change.

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.