Letter 536: Theodore Studite, Letter 536; Greek heading: Εἰρήνῃ ἡγουμένῃ.

Far removed from your praises are the ways and the words of my manner of life, most honored of women; but a faithful soul that seeks the Lord is accustomed to bestow praises upon those who deserve none, so that thereby it may garner for itself the glory of humility. Such, then, you have shown yourself to us, sister in the Lord, since we, knowing our own condition, do not judge ourselves to be on a level even with those who are now the least, much less to be ranked at so great a height as you have written. But let these matters rest here. Now, on the question of the presbyter, the discussion must be reordered. It is surely not the case, lady abbess [ammas, a term of respect for an abbess], that we say one thing today and another tomorrow; rather, our word is always the same. What is it? That the presbyter who has been caught in communion with the heretics [those who reject the icons], especially if he has even subscribed [signed the iconoclast confession], is not permitted to perform the sacred rites until the time of an orthodox synod, at which such matters will be both examined and adjudicated; or only, as circumstance requires, to baptize, to carry out a corpse, to give the habit to a monk, to sanctify the water of the Theophany [the feast of the Lord's manifestation, Epiphany], to read the Gospel at matins and to distribute the consecrated elements, these having already been made holy by a presbyter who has been preserved unfallen. And these things, as I said, are permitted of necessity, since, when a priest who has not been entangled in the communion is to be found, it is not even allowable to perform the aforesaid acts. Such, then, is our word. But if others think or judge otherwise, whether they be of equal standing or of higher rank (since no formal decree has been issued by the chief hierarch, to which it would have been necessary for all to assent), they are masters of their own authority, and we for our part will keep silence. We exhort your Honor, that as in your good manner of life, so also in orthodoxy you draw yourself to exactness, hearkening to the Apostle who says: let us cleanse ourselves from all defilement of flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God [2 Corinthians 7:1]. For you know that no small persecution has been kindled up in the heresy that rages until the present, but blood has even been poured out and flesh has been torn to pieces and martyrs have been brought to their fulfillment; and as for the torments in the prisons and dungeons, what need is there even to speak of them, the exiles, the deportations, the confiscations, the bindings in iron, the starvations, the solitary confinements, all the rest, which are the matter of no small history. If, then, these things are so, and the presbyter ought to have passed through them with equal suffering, to receive the unfading crown of glory, but on the contrary, since he was caught in the communion and in the subscription against Christ and His Mother and all the saints (for this is what the veneration directed to the prototypes through their own icons amounts to), how does he not consider it a great thing even to be alive at all, and that his transgression has been wholly pardoned him, shunning to lay hold even of the aforementioned functions out of philanthropy [God's loving-kindness], much less to be entirely released to perform the sacred rites? In that case all things are stale, and the testimonies are in vain, and the contests of the athletes [of the faith, the confessors] are to no purpose. But may it not be so: the martyr is a martyr in this confession, and the one who has denied is fallen away in this denial, and every one who has been caught ought to weep until death, if indeed he will be persuaded by me, his good counselor.

Μακρὰν ἀπὸ τῶν ἐγκωμίων σου οἱ τρόποι καὶ οἱ λόγοι τῆς πολιτείας μου, τιμιωτάτη γυναικῶν· ἀλλ' εἴωθεν ψυχὴ πιστὴ καὶ ζητοῦσα τὸν Κύριον ἐπαίνους ἀνάπτειν τοῖς ἀγεράστοις, ὡς ἂν ἐντεῦθεν ἐρανίσοιτο τὸ τῆς ταπεινοφροσύνης κλέος. τοιαύτη οὖν ὑπεδείχθης ἡμῖν, ἀδελφὴ ἐν Κυρίῳ, ἐπεὶ ἡμεῖς, γινώσκοντες τὰ καθ' ἑαυτούς, οὐδὲ τῶν νῦν ἐσχάτων ἰσοστατεῖν κρίνομεν ἑαυτούς, μὴ ὅτι γε ὕψει τηλικούτῳ παρενείρειν, καθὰ γέγραφας. Ἀλλ' ὧδε μὲν ταῦτα κείσθω. ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ τοῦ πρεσβυτέρου ὑποθέσει μετατακτέον τὸν λόγον. οὔ τί που ἡμεῖς, ὦ ἀμμάς, νῦν μὲν τοῦτο λέγομεν, αὔριον δὲ ἕτερον, ἀλλ' ὁ αὐτὸς λόγος ἡμῖν ἐστιν ἀεί· τί τοῦτο; τὸν ἁλόντα πρεσβύτερον τῇ κοινωνίᾳ τῶν αἱρετικῶν, εἴ γε μάλιστα καὶ ὑπογραφῇ, μὴ ἐξεῖναι ἱερουργεῖν ἕως καιροῦ ὀρθοδόξου συνόδου, ἐφ' ᾗ τὰ τοιαῦτα καὶ θεωρηθήσεται καὶ διακριθήσεται, ἢ μόνον τὸ κατὰ περίστασιν βαπτίζειν, ἐκκομίζειν νεκρόν, διδεῖν σχῆμα μοναχῷ, ἁγιάζειν τῶν Θεοφανίων τὸ ὕδωρ, εὐαγγελίζεσθαι κατ' ὄρθρον καὶ μεταδιδόναι τῶν ἁγιασμάτων, ἤδη θεουργηθέντων ὑπὸ σεσωσμένου πρεσβυτέρου. καὶ ταῦτα, ὡς εἶπον, ἐξ ἀνάγκης, ἐπεί, εὑρισκομένου τοῦ μὴ ἐμπαρέντος τῇ κοινωνίᾳ ἱερέως, οὐδὲ τὰ προειρημένα πράσσειν ἐξόν. Ὁ μὲν οὖν ἡμέτερος λόγος τοιοῦτος. εἰ δὲ ἄλλοι ἄλλως ἢ φρονοῦσιν ἢ κρίνουσιν εἴτε ἰσοστάσιοι εἴτε ὑπερβάθμιοι (ἐπειδὴ οὐχ ὅρος ἐξήνεκται ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀρχιερέως, ἐφ' ᾧ ἀναγκαῖον ἦν στέργειν πάντας), τῆς ἐξουσίας εἰσὶ κύριοι, καὶ ἡμεῖς γε σιωπὴν ἕξομεν. παρακαλοῦμεν δέ σου τὴν τιμιότητα ὡς ἐπὶ τῇ ἀγαθῇ πολιτείᾳ οὕτως καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ ὀρθοδοξίᾳ ἀκρίβειαν ἕλκειν, ἀκούουσαν τοῦ ἀποστόλου λέγοντος· καθαρίσωμεν ἑαυτοὺς ἀπὸ παντὸς μολυσμοῦ σαρκὸς καὶ πνεύματος, ἐπιτελοῦντες ἁγιωσύνην ἐν φόβῳ θεοῦ. οἶδας γὰρ ὅτι οὐ μικρὸς ἀνερριπίσθη διωγμὸς ἐν τῇ λυσσώσῃ μέχρι τοῦ παρόντος αἱρέσει, ἀλλὰ καὶ αἵματα ἐκενώθησαν καὶ σάρκες κατεξάνθησαν καὶ μάρτυρες ἀπετελέσθησαν· ὅσα δὲ τὰ ἐν ταῖς φυλακαῖς καὶ εἱρκταῖς κακωτικά, τί δεῖ καὶ λέγειν, τὰς ἐξορίας, τὰς ἐπαγωγάς, τὰς ἁρπαγάς, τὰς σιδηρώσεις, τὰς λιμαγχονήσεις, τὰς μονώσεις, τὰ ἄλλα πάντα, ὧν οὐ μικρᾶς ἐστιν ἱστορίας ἔργον. εἰ τοίνυν ταῦτα οὕτως, καὶ δεῖν τὸν πρεσβύτερον ἰσοπαθῶς διεξελθεῖν, κομιούμενον τὸν ἀμαράντινον τῆς δόξης στέφανον, τοὐναντίον, ἐπειδὴ ἑάλω τῇ κοινωνίᾳ καὶ τῇ ὑπογραφῇ τῇ κατὰ Χριστοῦ, τῆς τε μητρὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ πάντων τῶν ἁγίων (τοῦτο γὰρ διὰ τῶν οἰκείων εἰκόνων ἡ ἐπὶ τῶν πρωτοτύπων ἀναφορά), πῶς οὐ μέγα ἡγεῖται καὶ τὸ ὅλως ζῆν, καὶ τὸ ὅλως συγκεχωρῆσθαι αὐτῷ τὸ ἀνόμημα, φεύγων ἐφάπτεσθαι καὶ τῶν προειρημένων κατὰ φιλανθρωπίαν, μὴ ὅτι γε καὶ ἐξ ὁλοκλήρου λελύσθαι αὐτὸν ἱερουργεῖν; οὐκοῦν ἕωλα τὰ πάντα καὶ εἰκῇ τὰ μαρτύρια καὶ μάτην αἱ ἀθλητικαὶ ἐνστάσεις. ἀλλὰ μὴ γένοιτο· καὶ ὁ μάρτυς μάρτυς ἐν τῇδε τῇ ὁμολογίᾳ καὶ ὁ ἠρνημένος ἔκπτωτος ἐν τῇδε τῇ ἐξαρνήσει, καὶ δεῖν προσκλαίειν μέχρι θανάτου πάντα τὸν ἁλόντα, εἴ γε ἐμοὶ πείθοιτο καλῷ συμβούλῳ.