Letter 18: Thoughts split other thoughts; the Spirit judges the first intention.

Evagrius PonticusUnknown fragmentary recipient of Evagrius Ponticus|c. 390 AD|Evagrius Ponticus|From Kellia, Egypt|AI-assisted
Evagrius Ponticus; thoughts; discernment; demons; intention; Holy Spirit; hospitality
Recipient identification follows the Evagrius CPG 2437 parallel edition where named; uncertain labels are recorded conservatively. Source text is Frankenberg's Greek retroversion from the Syriac transmission, licensed CC BY 4.0; source Syriac length 1146 chars, Greek retroversion length 1643 chars.

Three thoughts stand against a demonic thought and cut it off when it lingers in the mind. The first is angelic, secretly present within us. The second comes from our own choice when it leans toward what is better. The third rises from human nature itself, by which even people outside the faith love their children and honor their parents.

Against a good thought there stand only two thoughts: the demonic one, and the one from our own slackened choice when it bends toward what is worse. Nothing evil comes from nature or from God. We were not evil from the beginning, if the Lord sowed good seed in his own field.

So thoughts split and are split. Good thoughts split bad ones, and bad thoughts in turn split good ones. The Holy Spirit looks to the first underlying intention of a thought, and by that intention either condemns us or justifies us.

Here is what I mean. A thought of hospitality rises in me for the Lord's sake, but the tempter slips in and divides it within me by suggesting a purpose of vainglory. Again a thought of hospitality arises from people-pleasing, but it too is dissolved by a good thought when virtue is done in us for the Lord.

If, then, in good works we hold on to the first thought while being tempted by the second, we shall receive the reward of the first. We are human beings wrestling with demons, and we cannot keep a right thought completely untouched. Nor can we keep an evil thought completely unchallenged, because something better still remains in us. If a thought that abolishes another thought lingers for a time, it takes the place of the one it has abolished, and the person's action comes to match that thought.

AI-assisted translation - This translation was produced with AI assistance and has not been peer-reviewed. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek below for scholarly use.

Latin / Greek Original

Greek retroversion from Syriac transmission (Frankenberg 1912, TAN/TEI CC BY 4.0):

τωι δαιμονιωδει λογισμωι τρεις αντικεινται λογισμοι τεμνοντες αυτον εν τηι διανοιαι χρονιζοντα ο μεν πρωτος ο αγγελικος χρυπτως εν ημιν ενυφεστως, ο δε δευτερος ο εκ της ημετερας προαιρεσεως ρεπουσης επι το κρειττον, ο δε τριτος ο εκ της ανθρωπινης αναδιδομενος φυσεως καθ' ον κινουμενοι και εθνικοι αγαπωσι τα ιδια τεκνα και τους αυτων τιμωσι γονεις. τωι δε αγαθωι λογισμωι δυο [μονον] αντικεινται λογισμοι ο τε δαιμονιωδης και ο εκ της ημετερας προαιρεσεως (ραιθυμιας) αποκλινουσης επι το κειρον. εκ δε της φυσεως (απο θεου) ουδεν εξερχεται κακον· ου γαρ απαρχης γεγοναμεν πονηροι ειπερ καλον σπερμα εσπειρεν ο κυριος εν τωι ιδιωι αγρωι. τοιγαρουν σχιζουσιν τε και σχιζονται οι λογισμοι, σχιζουσιν τους κακους οι αγαθοι τε και παλιν υπ' αυτων σχιζονται· το δη αγιον πνευμα εις την πρωτην του λογισμου υποθεσιν αποβλεπον κατ' αυτην καταχρινει ημας η δικαιοι. εστι δε τα ειρημενα ωδε· αναβαινει μοι λογισμος ξενοφιλιας δια τον κυριον ο δε πειραζων υπογενομενος σχιζει αυτον εν εμοι (E) υποβαλλων κενοδοξιας προαιρεσιν και παλιν εγγινεται μοι λογισμος ξενοφιλιας δι' ανθρωπαρεσκειαν λυεται δε και ουτος δια του αγαθου λογισμου δια τον κυριον εν ημιν την αρετην επιτελουντος· εαν ουν εν εργοις αγαθοις τον πρωτον λογισμον κρατουμεν υπο του δευτερου πειραζομενοι τον του πρωτου μισθον ληψομεθα δια το ημας ανθρωπους οντας προς δε τους δαιμονας παλαιοντας ορθον λογισμον αδιαφθαρτον κατεχειν αδυνατειν. ουδε τον κακον λογισμον απειραστοι κατεχειν δυναμεθα δια το του κρειττονος το επιλοιπον εν ημιν καταμειναι· πλην ει λογισμος καταργων εν τινι χρονιζει αντι του καταργουμενου υφισταται και προς τουτον τον λογισμον η του ανθρωπου ενεργειω γινεται

Syriac transmission available in the linked TAN/TEI source. The complete corpus is Syriac-transmitted; Greek survives only fragmentarily, so this display text is a retroversion witness.

Revision history

  1. 2026-05-27v2.2.34-import

    Initial corpus import from modern evagrius ponticus tan tei 13 32 v1.

    Fields: letter text, metadata, source links. Source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Arithmeticus/TAN-Evagrius/master/cpg2437/cpg2437.syr.1912.frankenberg.xml

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