Letter 6: The story goes that Syloson [a man from Samos who once gave the future Persian king Darius a cloak, and later asked...

To Alypius, brother of Caesarius. The story goes that Syloson [a man from Samos who once gave the future Persian king Darius a cloak, and later asked for the island of Samos in return] went up to Darius, reminded him of his cloak, and asked for Samos in exchange. Darius prided himself enormously on this, thinking he had given much for little — though in the end it proved a disastrous gift for Syloson [the Persians devastated Samos before he could enjoy it]. Now compare my conduct with Darius's. First, I think I have done better than him in at least one respect: I did not wait to be reminded. I preserved the memory of your friendship all this time, and the moment the god granted me power, I summoned you — not among the second group, but among the very first. So much for the past. As for the future — will you allow me, since I am a prophet [an echo of Plato], to make a prediction? I believe it will turn out far better than in the case I mentioned — only let Nemesis not take offense at my saying so! For you do not need a king to help you conquer a city, while I need a great many people to help me raise up what has fallen on hard times [probably a veiled reference to Constantinople, which Julian was preparing to claim]. That is how my Gallic and barbarian Muse jests for your benefit. But take heart, and come — may the gods go with you. [Added in his own hand:] There is good hunting of deer and small game at winter quarters. Come to your friend who valued you even before he could know your worth.

To Alypius, brother of Caesarius1 [361 Before July, from Gaul] Syloson,2 it is said, went up 3 to Darius, reminded him of his cloak and asked him for Samos in return for it. Then Darius prided himself greatly on this, because he considered that he had given much for little; though after all it proved a grievous gift for Syloson.4 Now consider my conduct compared with that of Darius. In the first place I think that I have behaved better than he in one point at any rate, I mean that I did not wait to be reminded by another. But after preserving the memory of your friendship so long undimmed, the first moment that the god granted me power I summoned you, not among the second but among the very first. So much for the past. Now with reference to the future, will you allow me—for I am a prophet5—to foretell something? I think that it will be far more prosperous than in the case I spoke of, only let not Adrasteia6 take offence when I say so! For you need no king to help you to conquer a city,7 while I on the other hand need many to help me to raise up again what has fallen on evil days. Thus does my Gallic and barbarian Muse jest for your benefit. But be of good cheer and come, and may the gods attend you. Added with his own hand. There is good spoil of deer and hunting of small sheep in the winter quarters.1 Come to your friend who valued you even when he could not yet know your merit. 1 For Alypius see Introduction. 2 The story of Syloson from Herodotus 3. 139, is told by Julian, Vol. 1. Oration 3. 117B. The "cloak of Syloson'" became a proverb for the overpayment of a benefit. 3 i. e. to Susa. 16. 4 The Persians devastated Samos before Syloson could benefit by the gift. 5 An echo of Plato, Phaedrus 343b. 6 Another name for Nemesis, cf. Vol. 2. Misopogon 370b. 7 If the date assigned to the letter is correct this must be Constantinople which Julian was preparing to occupy in his march against Constantius. 1 This is perhaps a veiled allusion to Julian's plot to defeat the adherents of Constantius. 18

[Πρός: Ἀλυπίῳ ἀδελφῷ Καισαρίου] Ὁ Συλοσῶν ἀνῆλθε, φασί, παρὰ τὸν Δαρεῖον, καὶ ὑπέμνησεν αὐτὸν τῆς χλανίδος, καὶ ᾔτησεν ἀντ’ ἐκείνης παρ’ αὐτοῦ τὴν Σάμον. εἶτα ἐπὶ τούτῳ Δαρεῖος μὲν ἐμεγαλοφρονεῖτο, μεγάλα ἀντὶ μικρῶν νομίζων ἀποδεδωκέναι· Συλοσῶν δὲ λυπηρὰν ἐλάμβανε χάριν. σκόπει δὴ τὰ ἡμέτερα νῦν πρὸς ἐκεῖνα. ἑνὶ μὲν δὴ τὸ πρῶτον οἶμαι κρεῖσσον ἔργον ἡμέτερον· οὐδὲ γὰρ ὑπεμείναμεν ὑπομνησθῆναι παρ’ ἄλλου· τοσούτῳ δὲ χρόνῳ τὴν μνήμην τῆς σῆς φιλίας διαφυλάξαντες ἀκέραιον, ἐπειδὴ πρῶτον ἡμῖν ἔδωκεν ὁ θεός, οὐκ ἐν δευτέροις, ἀλλ’ ἐν τοῖς πρώτοις σε μετεκαλέσαμεν. τὰ μὲν οὖν πρῶτα τοιαῦτα· περὶ δὲ τῶν μελλόντων ἆρά μοι δώσεις τι· καὶ γάρ εἰμι μαντικός· προαγορεῦσαι; μακρῷ νομίζω κρείττονα ἐκείνων, Ἀδράστεια δ’ εὐμενὴς εἴη. σύ τε γὰρ οὐδὲν δέῃ συγκαταστρεφομένου πόλιν βασιλέως, ἐγώ τε πολλῶν δέομαι τῶν συνεπανορθούντων μοι τὰ πεπτωκότα κακῶς. ταῦτά σοι Γαλλικὴ καὶ βάρβαρος Μοῦσα προσπαίζει, σὺ δὲ ὑπὸ τῇ τῶν θεῶν πομπῇ χαίρων ἀφίκοιο. καὶ τῇ αὑτοῦ χειρί· ληὶς ἐρίφων καὶ τῆς ἐν τοῖς χειμαδίοις θήρας τῶν προβατίων. ἧκε πρὸς τὸν φίλον, ὅς σε τότε, καίπερ οὔπω γινώσκειν οἷος εἶ δυνάμενος, ὅμως περιεῖπον.