Letter 9001: [To an unnamed friend] I'm renewing my recommendation of Euscius, not starting one from scratch — when you were in...

Quintus Aurelius SymmachusDionysium|c. 365 AD|Quintus Aurelius Symmachus
barbarian invasionfriendshipimperial politicsproperty economicstravel mobility

[To an unnamed friend] I'm renewing my recommendation of Euscius, not starting one from scratch — when you were in Rome, you willingly took up his cause at my request. Now it's time for you to support my interests through Euscius, whose discretion in handling my affairs will do nothing to harm your own reputation. Farewell.

[To Dionysius] Your reputation for both good character and medical skill has recommended you to me for some time now. Drawn by the praise you receive on both counts, I extend the hand of friendship and invite you freely into our circle. As proof that my regard is genuine, I'm assigning you as instructor to the students I've sent for medical training. Return the pledge of mutual goodwill, then, and take under your teaching those whom I'm entrusting — through Euscius — to your integrity and honor. Farewell.

[To Auxentius] The friendship we began in Rome I now strengthen by letter, so that this token of regard sent to you in absence may assure you of my sincerity. Your attentiveness to me will be demonstrated privately through our correspondence, and publicly through your legal advocacy on Euscius's behalf. Farewell.

[To an unnamed official] The agents of absent landowners, entrusted with distant affairs, live as though the laws don't apply to them — since their masters are too far away to instill any fear. What's needed is the firm hand of judicial authority, so that they pay what their leases require. I ask you, then, to support the requests of my secretary, whom I've sent to collect what's owed for the praetorian celebration and to recover debts from negligent servants — and to take on a share of my responsibilities in this matter. Farewell.

[To Carterius] On behalf of my son Auxentius, I've taken on the roles of devoted father, eager suitor, and sworn witness all at once. If the weight of all that carries any influence with you, please welcome into your family a young man distinguished in every quality of life and fortune. I stake my personal guarantee on everything a father typically weighs in such matters. Though I know future sons-in-law are judged by character, this young man has, beyond his natural gifts, an estate that more than meets the standard of respectability. I could say much more about him, but the truth doesn't need to be dressed up. So if you consider me a credible advocate, judge the man by my testimony — and please honor with the hand of your daughter the one I'd happily count among my own family. Trust me: when the match goes through, you who are being asked will be no less grateful for my intervention than the young man I'm recommending. Farewell.

[To Pompeianus] You can't accuse me of a long silence — you know I've been at the imperial court until recently. Now that I'm back, I'm performing the honorable duty of sending greetings. Your reply will prove you received my letter gladly. In the meantime, I commend the bearer of this letter — anything you do for his petition will benefit me as well. Farewell.

[To Vincentius] I approve of men who seek your patronage — wanting to attach oneself to virtue shows a spark of wisdom. And so I waste no time in recommending my friend Zenodorus and his admirable intentions, and I introduce him into the inner circle of your household like a priest leading an initiate. Please see to it that my effort and his hopes are promptly met. Farewell.

[To Leporius] Struck hard by fortune's blow, I'm only now setting down these sorrowful words. I couldn't keep away from my duty for long, since the pain of such a wound can never be erased by time. After greeting you, let me also warmly commend my dear friend Silvanus, whom I entrust to your attentiveness. He's taken on the arduous necessity of traveling in order to restore my estates, which makes him all the more deserving of every good person's support.

[Continued] We see no official edict specifying which individuals are liable, and yet the local tax officers and record-keepers are free to exempt some from the burden while imposing unwarranted charges on others. I ask you, therefore, to look into this matter — both for my benefit and for your own credit. The tax assessors are demanding a military recruit levy from my tenants without producing any public documentation to support it. I strongly suspect they've fraudulently added my people to the rolls to cover for themselves or their own clients. It would be right, then, for you to issue a clear directive — whether by edict or official notice — to the provincials, so that the unchecked and arbitrary collection practices of record-keepers and local officials stop being a license for profiteering. Farewell.

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.

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