Letter 4: Theodore Studite, Letter 4; Greek heading: Νικηφόρῳ ἡγουμένῳ.

When the reply was given to us by the lord deacon, my true and much-longed-for nephew, we at once wished to write to you. But since it was the wintry season, and the renewed plotting [against us] was constraining us, we judged it good not to give an answer hastily. Yet when, together with the inquiry, you were also demanding the letter, why is there any further need to deliberate over this very matter and not to declare what presents itself? First, however, I will say this, and may you receive me, most honored one: that, as you yourself also know, I have set my own life before the many as an example of much wickedness; and there is scarcely a fault one could name in which I myself too have not had a share and which I have not passed on to others as well. But since I learn of the loving-kindness of God [philanthropia, God's love for humankind], and that the one who has been brought down to the very depth of wickedness is drawn up again and that He stretches out a hand toward repentance, I fled from despair and resolved to support myself a little toward what is upright. For this reason, as God who knows hidden things knows full well, I have fenced myself off both from the company of my kinsmen and from the familiarity of my friends according to the flesh, and from any other such thing whatever, with the power of God alone aiding my weakness in all things. And now, that which you sought to learn from me, an unlearned man, is so, just as the lord deacon has told you. This we have neither pronounced nor undertaken without judgment, but having been confirmed and strengthened by searching and examination of the God-inspired Scripture, and indeed also by the questioning of those whom it concerns. And the truth is so, since the divine law plainly forbids it, not through the divine Paul alone, but also through other theologian Fathers, who clarify this very thing and make it clear and concur with the apostolic injunction. And how then shall I, without reason, be indifferent and not rather hold myself apart and withdraw myself from the things that harm my pitiable soul, whatever danger may be at hand, when the most preeminent of the Fathers [Basil the Great, addressed below] cries out and says that, if anything is contrary to the commandment or injures the commandment, one must by no means tolerate it, even if it holds out the promise of life, even if it holds the threat of death? I forbear to mention how many other testimonies also stand alongside, which do not permit us to be led away even in the smallest matter outside the commandment, especially since again we have the charge of Basil the Great, that one must keep without omission all the things handed down by the Lord through the Gospel and the apostles. These things I have made bold to disclose to you as to a father and a beloved one; since we too, as God the knower of hearts is witness, neither preach (for we are not among those who hold preeminence) nor harbor enmity. On the contrary, we hold even the emperor and most pious sovereign embraced in our love, and all my kinsmen, being one who loves his own, as you know; and we remember him both in the divine liturgy and we pray for him both privately and publicly. And we are in communion with the Church, and may it never be ours to be torn asunder from her. Pardon me, the only sinner; I have chosen to bewail my sins in this corner and not to be mingled with those in the world. What charge is this? Grant me this, my most beloved nephew (for I know that you are also able to), both to be at peace here and to keep myself apart, it may be, from every man; and by your harmonious sagacity make the crooked things smooth and level out the things that are rough. And become the arbiter of our peaceful life and the fellow-defender of our quiet [hesychia, contemplative stillness], so that, if there is anything in this useful for us, you may adjudicate justly and according to reason.

Τῆς ἀποκρίσεως δοθείσης ἡμῖν παρὰ τοῦ κυρίου διακόνου, γνήσιε καὶ πολυπόθητέ μου ἀνεψιέ, εὐθὺς ἠβουλήθημεν ἐπιστεῖλαί σοι. ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἦν καιρὸς χειμέριος καὶ ἡ παλιμβουλία συστέλλουσα, ἀγαθὸν ἡγησάμεθα μὴ ταχὺ δοῦναι λόγον. ἡνίκα δὲ μετὰ τῆς ἐπερωτήσεως καὶ τὰ γράμματα ἠπαίτουν, αὐτὸ τοῦτο τί δεῖ ἔτι διακρίνεσθαι καὶ μὴ τὸ παριστάμενον ἐξειπεῖν; πρῶτον δὲ ἐκεῖνο ἐρῶ καί με δέξαιο, τιμιώτατε, ὅτι, ὡς καὶ αὐτὸς οἶδας, πολλῆς κακίας ὑπόδειγμα τὸν ἑαυτοῦ βίον παρεστησάμην τοῖς πολλοῖς· καὶ οὐκ ἔστι σχεδὸν εἰπεῖν σφάλμα, οὗ μὴ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐγὼ μετίσχον καὶ ἄλλοις προσπαρέδωκα. ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ μανθάνω τὴν φιλανθρωπίαν τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τὸν εἰς πυθμένα κακίας κατενεχθέντα ἀναρρύεσθαι καὶ ὀρέγειν χεῖρα πρὸς μετάνοιαν, ἔφυγον τὴν ἀπόγνωσιν καὶ ἔδοξα μικρόν τι ὑποστηρίζειν ἐμαυτὸν πρὸς τὸ εὐθές. Διὰ τοῦτο, ὡς ὁ τῶν ἀφανῶν γνώστης θεὸς ἐπίσταται, ἀπεσχοίνισα ἐμαυτὸν καὶ τῆς συνδιατριβῆς τῶν συγγενῶν μου καὶ τοῦ ἐθισμοῦ τῶν κατὰ σάρκα φίλων μου καὶ εἴ τινος δὴ οὖν ἄλλου, μόνης τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπιβοηθούσης τῇ ἀσθενείᾳ μου περὶ πάντα. καὶ νῦν, ὃ ἐπεζήτησας παρ' ἐμοῦ τοῦ ἀμαθοῦς μαθεῖν, οὕτως ἔχει, ὡς εἴρηκέν σοι ὁ κύριος διάκονος. τοῦτο δὲ οὐκ ἀκρίτως ἢ ἀπεφθεγξάμεθα ἢ καὶ ὑπίσχομεν, ἀλλ' ἐν ἐρευνήσει καὶ συζητήσει τῆς θεοπνεύστου Γραφῆς βεβαιωθέντες καὶ κρατυθέντες, οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ δι' ἐρωτήσεως τῶν ὀφειλόντων. καί γε ἡ ἀλήθεια οὕτως ἔχει, τοῦ θείου νόμου ἐμφανῶς ἀπαγορεύοντος οὐ διὰ τοῦ θείου Παύλου μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ δι' ἄλλων θεολόγων πατέρων, αὐτὸ τοῦτο διευκρινούντων καὶ ἀπολευκαινόντων καὶ συναποφαινομένων τῇ ἀποστολικῇ ἐγκελεύσει. καὶ πῶς λοιπὸν ἀλόγως ἀδιαφορήσω καὶ μὴ μᾶλλον διασταλθῶ καὶ ὑπεξαγάγω ἑαυτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν βλαπτόντων τὴν ἐλεεινήν μου ψυχήν, κἂν οἷος ἂν κίνδυνος παρῇ, τοῦ τῶν πατέρων κορυφαιοτάτου βοῶντος καὶ λέγοντος ὅτι, ἐάν τι παρ' ἐντολήν ἐστιν ἢ τὴν ἐντολὴν παραβλάπτῃ, οὐδαμῶς ἀνέχεσθαι χρή, κἂν ζωῆς ἐπαγγελίαν ἔχῃ, κἂν θανάτου ἀπειλήν; ἐῶ λέγειν ὅσαι παρυφίστανται καὶ ἄλλαι χρήσεις, μὴ ἐῶσαι ἡμᾶς ἐξυπάγεσθαι κἂν τὸ μικρότατον γοῦν ἔξω τῆς ἐντολῆς, ἄλλως τε καὶ πάλιν παραγγελίαν ἔχοντες τοῦ Μεγάλου Βασιλείου, ὅτι δεῖ πάντα ἀπαραλείπτως φυλάττειν τὰ διὰ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου καὶ τῶν ἀποστόλων ὑπὸ τοῦ Κυρίου παραδεδομένα. Ταῦτα ὡς πατρὶ καὶ φιλουμένῳ τεθάρρηκα φανερῶσαί σοι· ἐπεὶ καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὡς μάρτυς ὁ καρδιογνώστης θεός, οὔτε κηρύσσομεν (οὔτε γάρ ἐσμεν προύχοντες) οὔτε ἀπεχθανόμεθα. ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν αὐτοκράτορα καὶ εὐσεβέστατον βασιλέα ἐγκαρδιωμένον ἔχομεν τῇ ἀγάπῃ καὶ ἅπαντας τοὺς συγγενεῖς μου, φιλοΐδιος ὑπάρχων, ὡς ὑμεῖς γινώσκετε, καὶ μνημονεύομεν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν τῇ θείᾳ λειτουργίᾳ καὶ ἐπευχόμεθα ἰδίᾳ τε καὶ δημοσίᾳ. καὶ τῆς ἐκκλησίας κοινωνικοί ἐσμεν, καὶ μὴ εἴη ἡμῖν ποτε διασχισθῆναι ἀπ' αὐτῆς. συγχωρήσατέ μοι τῷ μόνῳ ἁμαρτωλῷ· εἱλάμην θρηνῆσαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας μου ἐν τῇ γωνίᾳ ταύτῃ καὶ μὴ συμφύρεσθαι τοῖς ἐν κόσμῳ. τί τοῦτο ἔγκλημα; χάρισαί μοι τοῦτο, ποθεινότατέ μου ἀνεψιέ, (οἶδα γὰρ ὅτι καὶ δύνῃ) καὶ ἠρεμεῖν ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἀποδιίστασθαι παντὸς τυχὸν ἀνθρώπου· καὶ τῇ ἐμμελεῖ ἀγχινοίᾳ σου τὰ σκολιὰ ποίησον λεῖα καὶ τὰ τραχύνοντα καθομάλισον. καὶ γενοῦ τοῦ εἰρηνικοῦ ἡμῶν βίου βραβευτὴς καὶ τῆς ἡσυχίας συνασπιστής, ἵνα, εἰ καί τι ἡμῖν ἐστιν ἐν τούτῳ χρήσιμον, διαιτήσῃ δικαίως καὶ κατὰ λόγον.