Letter 208: The usurper must be reprimanded — not to gratify those who are watching, and not to make a point at his expense, but...
To Donatos. Concerning gentleness. Do not barbarize your lawful authority with unfitting manners, but adorn it with the things that befit it, bestowing gentleness upon the despondent, and equality between the lesser and the greater. And then you will kindle a brilliant beacon of good governance. For justice is the fuel of the luminary of good rule. When a ruler governs with gentleness, he does not diminish his authority but rather strengthens it, for subjects obey willingly and with affection one who treats them with kindness, whereas they obey with reluctance and resentment one who rules through fear alone. The gentle ruler is like the sun, which governs the earth not by scorching it but by warming it, drawing forth its fruits through steady, benevolent influence rather than destructive force. To the same. Do not be too astonished, O admirable one, if some are found to be such. For in a world fallen from its original perfection, wickedness in high places should surprise no one who has understood the condition of human nature apart from divine grace.
AI-assisted translation — This translation was produced with AI assistance and has not been peer-reviewed. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek below for scholarly use.
Latin / Greek Original
ΣΗ΄. – ΔΟΝΑΤΩ.
Περὶ πραότητος.
Μὴ τὴν ἔννομον ἀρχὴν τοῖς ἀναρμόστοις ἤθεσιν
ἐκβαρβάρου, ἀλλὰ τοῖς πρέπουσιν αὐτῇ πράγμασι
κατακόσμει πραότητος μεταδιδοὺς τοῖς ἀθύμοις, καὶ
ἰσότητος τοῖς ἥττοσι πρὸς τοὺς μείζους· καὶ τότε
λαμπρὸν ἐξάψεις πυρσὸν τῆς εὐνομίας. Ὑπέκκαυμα
γάρ ἐστι δικαιοσύνη τοῦ φωστῆρος τῆς εὐαρχίας.
ΣΑΖ΄. – ΤΟ ΑΥΤΩ (31).
Μὴ λίαν ἐκπλήττου, ὦ θαυμάσιε, εἰ τὸ μὲν εἶναί τινας τοιούτους τῶν τὸν διδασκαλικὸν ἐμπεπιστευμένων θρόνον, δεινὸν ὂν, οὐ δεινὸν εἶναι δοκεῖ· τὸ δὲ ῥῆξαί τινα φωνὴν παρρησίας ἕνεκεν, δεινότατον εἶναι δοκεῖ, καὶ συγγνώμης μεῖζον. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἀρετῆς ἔχνη ἐν ὀλίγοις εὑρίσκεται· κακία δὲ παρὰ τοῖς πλείστοις ἀχορεύτως χορεύει, δεδιότες μὴ ὀφθείη τις ὁ τοῖς δρωμένοις ἐπιτιμήσων, πάντα μὲν τὰ καλὰ ἐξοστρακίσαι σπουδάζουσι, μάλιστα δὲ πάντων τὴν παρρησίαν, ἵν᾿ ἀδεῶς ἁμαρτάνοιεν τοῦ λοιποῦ.
ΘΕΟΓΝΩΣΤΩ ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΩ.
Λίαν θαυμάζω, πῶς οἱ μὴ ἐπισφίγγοντες τὸ χαῦ-
νον, καὶ τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ προεδρίας ἠξιῶσθαι παρὰ τοὺς
πολλοὺς οἴημα, μείζον τοῦ δικαίου φρονοῦσι· καὶ
οὐδ᾽ αὐτὸ (34) λοιπὸν παραχωρῆσαι ἀξιοῦσι, τῷ
ἡττηθῆναι τῷ δικαίῳ ὕβριν ἡγούμενοι.
ΧΑΙΡΗΜΟΝΙ ΔΙΑΚΟΝΩ.
Εἰ καὶ Εὐσέβιος, ὡς γέγραφας, τῇ κακίᾳ σπενδό-
μενος, τῇ ἀρετῇ πολεμεῖ, ὀξὺς μὲν ὧν ἐκ διαβολῆς
εἰς ἐπιβουλὰς ἐπαχθῆναι (11), πρόχειρος δὲ ὑπο-
νοίαις μὴ προσηκούσαις ἑαυτὸν πιστώσασθαι· καὶ
ἐν μὲν τοῖς ἐπιτιμίοις τῶν ἡμαρτηκότων ἀπαραί-
τητος, ἐν δὲ τὰῖς ἀμοιβαῖς τῶν κατορθούντων όκνη-
ρότατος · ἀλλ᾽ οὖν γε αὐτὸς οὐκ ἂν εἴης δίκαιος
ἐκεῖνον κωμῳδεῖν, ὁ τὰ αὐτὰ αὐτῷ, ὡς φασιν, ἵνα
μὴ λέγω ἀργαλεώτερα, πλημμελῶν. Ἡ γὰρ μὴ
πρᾶττε τοιαῦτα, ἢ μὴ κωμῴδει τοὺς δρῶντας. Τάχα
δὲ τοῦτ᾽ αὐτῷ κατ᾿ ἀξίαν συνέβη, ὅτι σε τοιοῦτον
ὄντα χειροτονήσας, οὐκ ἔλαθε τὴν δίκην. Ὁ γὰρ
ἀποκεκλεισμένον ἀπὸ τῶν ἐκκλησιαστικῶν θεσμῶν
στόμα οὐ δεόντως ἀνοίξας, καθ' ἑαυτοῦ, ὡς ἔοικεν,
ἤνοιξε· καὶ κατὰ τῶν εὐδοκίμων νομίσας ἀθύρωτον
ὀπλίζειν γλώτταν, καθ' ἑαυτοῦ ὥπλισεν.
oportebat, aperuit, adversus seipsum, ut apparet,
probos instruere arbitrabatur, eam adversus seipsum armavit.
ΣΗ. – ΩΡΙΩΝΙ.
Ἤσθην ὑπερφυῶς, μαθών του τὴν ἀρίστην με-
ταβολήν· καὶ πιστεύω, ὡς ἀπιτρίψῃ μὲν ὡς τάχιστα
τὴν ἀδοξίαν, τὴν ἐκ τῆς κακίας πρώην προσγενομέ-
νην· ἀναλήψῃ δὲ τὸν τῆς ἀρετῆς κόσμον καὶ κλέος
ἀοίδιμον ἔξεις, ἐνταῦθα μὲν παρὰ πάντων ἀνακηρυτ-
τόμενος, ἐκεῖσε δὲ παρὰ τοῦ κριτοῦ στεφανούμενος.
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