Letter 294: Theodore Studite, Letter 294; Greek heading: Μακαρίῳ ἡγουμένῳ.

What are you doing, O divine father, humbling yourself, who are exalted in virtue, and exalting me in your honorable words, me who am lowly through wickedness, as one besieged each day by countless passions? I, then, am your servant and child, longing rather to be a learner than able to teach. Nevertheless, the good man brings forth good things out of the good treasure of his heart [cf. Matthew 12:35]; such are you, both as you are seen and as you are read. Now concerning the matter of the lady of Demetrias [a place-name, Demetrias in Thessaly] and her disciples, that they have departed: so that you may know the tree from its fruits, and may pray for repentance for them and for me, the wretched one, for steadfastness against those who war upon us both invisibly and visibly, so that I may at last be counted worthy to come after all those who are now confessors of Christ; for everyone who stands firm is a confessor. But concerning the other two heads [topics, points of inquiry], this is what presents itself to me. A presbyter who has subscribed to the impiety [the iconoclast heresy] ought to repent and to weep warmly that the impious act be forgiven him; but he is by no means to perform the liturgy, even if he does not commemorate the impious one [the heretical bishop], but rather to be barred from the sacred ministry, until the Lord look down and grant a time of an Orthodox synod, in which each one shall receive what is according to his desert, by the judgment of God. And I counsel that, if he shared in the impious communion in receiving it, he should also abstain from the holy things for one year or two; for it is written, "You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons; you cannot partake of the table of the Lord and the table of demons" [1 Corinthians 10:21]. And the same holds also concerning the churches: "What agreement has the temple of God with idols?" [2 Corinthians 6:16]. We are therefore not to enter into the martyria [shrines, martyrs' chapels] of the heretics: this has been enjoined upon us by the holy synod. I do not know whether [it is permitted], unless the church should come entirely under the authority of an Orthodox man, so that it is no longer served liturgically by a heretic; for then the Orthodox man must both enter and perform the liturgy, the things that went before being no prejudice [to it]. Thus I, the lowly one, think, my father, reviewing the examples [set down] by the divine fathers; but it would belong to your perfection both to discern the better things and to point them out to my eyes. May you be preserved for me still, in good health and contending on behalf of God, you who are renowned among fathers, and at the same time praying above measure for my unworthiness: the one out of love, the other on account of the commandment that enjoins it.

Τί ποιεῖς, ὦ θεῖε πάτερ, ἑαυτὸν ταπεινῶν, τὸν ὑψηλὸν τῇ ἀρετῇ, κἀμὲ ὑψῶν ἐν τοῖς τιμίοις λόγοις σου, τὸν χθαμαλὸν τῇ κακίᾳ ὡς μυρίοις πάθεσι πολιορκούμενον καθ' ἑκάστην; ἐγὼ τοίνυν δοῦλος σὸς καὶ παῖς, μαθητιᾶν μᾶλλον ἐφιέμενος ἢ διδάσκειν δυνάμενος. ὅμως ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ θησαυροῦ τῆς καρδίας ἐκβάλλει τὰ ἀγαθά· τοιοῦτος σὺ καὶ ὁρώμενος καὶ ἀναγινωσκόμενος. Περὶ μὲν οὖν τοῦ τῆς Δημητριάδος καὶ τῶν μαθητῶν ὅτι ᾤχοντο, ἵνα γνοίης ἐκ τῶν καρπῶν τὸ δένδρον καὶ εὔξῃ ἐκείνοις μὲν μετάνοιαν, ἐμοί τε τῷ ἀθλίῳ στηριγμὸν πρός τε τοὺς πολεμοῦντας ἀοράτως τε καὶ ὁρωμένως, ὡς ἂν κατόπιν ἀξιωθείην ἐλθεῖν τῶν νυνὶ πάντων ὁμολογητῶν Χριστοῦ· ὁμολογητὴς γὰρ πᾶς ὁ ἐνιστάμενος. περὶ δὲ τῶν δύο ἄλλων κεφαλαίων τοιοῦτον τὸ παριστάμενόν μοι. ὑπογράψας πρεσβύτερος τῇ ἀσεβείᾳ μετανοεῖν ὀφείλει καὶ προσκλαίειν θερμῶς συγχωρηθῆναι αὐτῷ τὸ ἀσέβημα, λειτουργεῖν δέ, κἂν οὐ μνημονεύῃ τοῦ ἀσεβοῦς, οὐδαμῶς, ἀλλ' εἴργεσθαι τῆς ἱερουργίας, ἕως ἂν ἐπίδοι Κύριος καὶ δοίη καιρὸν ὀρθοδόξου συνόδου, ἐν ᾗ λήψεται ἕκαστα τὰ κατ' ἀξίαν θεοκρίτως. ἐγὼ δὲ συμβουλεύω, εἰ μετέσχεν τῆς ἀσεβοῦς κοινωνίας ἐν μεταλήψει, καὶ τῶν ἁγιασμάτων ἀπέχεσθαι μέχρις ἑνὸς ἢ δυοῖν χρόνοιν· γέγραπται γάρ, οὐ δύνασθε ποτήριον Κυρίου πίνειν καὶ ποτήριον δαιμονίων, οὐ δύνασθε τραπέζης Κυρίου μετέχειν καὶ τραπέζης δαιμονίων. τὸ δ' αὐτὸ καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν· τίς συγκατάθεσις ναῷ θεοῦ μετὰ εἰδώλων; οὐ δεῖ οὖν εἰσιέναι εἰς τὰ μαρτύρια τῶν αἱρετικῶν προστέτακται ἡμῖν ὑπὸ τῆς ἁγίας συνόδου, οὐκ οἶδα, εἰ μὴ ὑπ' ἐξουσίαν τελέως γίνοιτο ὁ ναὸς ὀρθοδόξου τοῦ μηκέτι λειτουργεῖσθαι ὑφ' αἱρετικοῦ· τότε γὰρ καὶ εἰσιτέον καὶ λειτουργητέον τὸν ὀρθόδοξον, οὐκ ὄντος προκρίματος τὰ προλαβόντα. Οὕτω φρονῶ, πάτερ μου, ὁ ταπεινός, ἀναθεωρῶν τὰ ὑπὸ τῶν θείων πατέρων παραδείγματα, τῆς σῆς δ' ἂν εἴη τελειότητος τὰ κρείττονα καὶ θεωρῆσαι καὶ ἐμοῖς ὄμμασιν ὑποδεῖξαι. ἐρρωμένος καὶ ἐναθλῶν ὑπὲρ θεοῦ διαφυλαχθείης μοι ἔτι, ὁ ἐξάκουστος ἐν πατράσιν, ὁμοῦ τε καὶ ὑπερευχόμενός μου τῆς ἀναξιότητος· τὸ μὲν ἀγάπης, τὸ δὲ διὰ τὴν κελεύουσαν ἐντολήν.