Letter 96: 1. Whatever your rank may be in connection with the course of this world, I have the greatest confidence in addressing you as my much-loved, true-hearted Christian fellow-servant Olympius. For I know that this name, in your esteem, excels all other glorious and lofty titles.

Augustine to Olympius, greetings. I thank you for your letter, my son, and for the report on the enforcement of the imperial laws against the Donatists in your district. I know the task is unpleasant, and I know that you carry it out not from any love of coercion but from a sense of duty — both to the emperor and to the Church. Let me urge upon you only this: moderation. The purpose of these laws is not to destroy but to heal. If the enforcement becomes vindictive — if officials use the occasion to settle personal scores or to enrich themselves through confiscations — then the medicine becomes poison, and we will have made the situation worse, not better. Every Donatist who comes to the Catholic Church under pressure must be received with genuine warmth, not with the gloating of a conqueror. They are not prisoners of war. They are brothers and sisters returning home. And if they sense that we regard them as defeated enemies rather than as long-lost family, they will leave again the moment the pressure lifts — and their hatred will be deeper than before. Be firm. Be fair. Be gentle. And pray for the gift of discernment, which is more valuable in this work than any law the emperor can write. Farewell.

Letter 96 (A.D. 408) To Olympius, My Lord Greatly Beloved, and My Son Worthy of Honour and Regard As a Member of Christ, Augustine Sends Greeting. 1. Whatever your rank may be in connection with the course of this world, I have the greatest confidence in addressing you as my much-loved, true-hearted Christian fellow-servant Olympius. For I know that this name, in your esteem, excels all other glorious and lofty titles. Reports have indeed reached me that you have obtained some promotion in worldly honour, but no information confirming the truth of the rumour had come to me up to the time when this opportunity of writing to you occurred. Since, however, I know that you have learned from the Lord not to mind high things, but to condescend to those who are lightly esteemed by men, whatever the pinnacle to which you may have been raised, we take for granted, my lord greatly beloved, and son worthy of honour and regard as a member of Christ, that you will still make a letter from me welcome, just as you were wont to do. And as to your worldly prosperity, I do not doubt that you will wisely use it for your eternal gain; so that the greater the influence which you acquire in the commonwealth on this earth, the more will you devote yourself to the interests of the heavenly city to which you owe your birth in Christ, forasmuch as this shall be more abundantly repaid to you in the land of the living, and in the true peace which yields sure and endless joys. 2. I again commend to your kind consideration the petition of my brother and colleague Boniface, in the hope that what could not be done before may be in your power now. He might perhaps, indeed, legally retain, without any further difficulty, that which his predecessor had acquired, though under another name than his own, and which he had begun to possess in name of the church; but we do not wish, since his predecessor was in debt to the public exchequer, to have this burden upon our conscience. For that act of fraud was none the less truly fraud because perpetrated at the expense of the public revenue. The same Paul (the predecessor of Boniface), when he was made bishop, being about to surrender all his effects because of the accumulated burden of arrears due to the public exchequer, having secured payment of a bond by which a certain sum of money was due to him, bought with it, as if for the church, in the name of a family then very powerful, these few fields by the produce of which he might support himself, in order that, in respect to these also, after his old practice, he might escape annoyance at the hands of the collectors of the revenue, although he was paying no tax. Boniface, however, when ordained over the same church, on his death, hesitated to take the fields which he had thus held; and although he might have contented himself with asking from the emperor no more than a remission of the fiscal arrears which his predecessor had incurred on this small property, he preferred to confess without reserve that Paul had bought the property at an auction with money of his own, at a time when he was bankrupt as a debtor to the public revenue, so that now the Church may, if possible, obtain possession of this, not through the secret fraud of her bishop, but by an open act of the Christian emperor's liberality. And if this be impossible, the servants of God prefer to bear the hardship of want, rather than obtain the supply of that which they require under reproaches of conscience for dishonourable dealing. 3. I beg you to condescend to give your support to this petition, because he has resolved not to bring forward the decision in his favour which was formerly obtained, lest it should preclude him from the liberty of making a second application; for the answer then given fell short of what he desired. And now, since you are of the same kindly disposition that you formerly were, but possessed of greater influence, I do not despair of this being easily granted by the Lord's help, in consideration of your claims on the emperor; and if even you were to ask the gift of the property in your own name, and present it to the church of which I have spoken, who would find fault with your request; nay, rather, who would not commend it, as dictated not by personal covetousness, but by Christian piety? May the mercy of the Lord our God shield you, and make you more and more happy in Christ, my lord and son.

EPISTOLA 96 Scripta ineunte mense Semptembri a. 408. A. Olympio, quem audierat recens provectum ad novam dignitatem Magistri scl. officiorum gratulatur (n. 1) commendans impense causam Bonifacii, Cataquensis episcopi, super quadam ecclesiae possessione ab ipsius praedecessore non sine fraude comparata (n. 2-3). DOMINO DILECTISSIMO, ET IN CHRISTI MEMBRIS HONORABILITER AMPLECTENDO FILIO OLYMPIO, AUGUSTINUS A. gratulatur Olympio maiorem dignitatem consecuto. 1. Quidquid sis secundum saeculi huius cursum, nos tamen carissimo et sincerissimo conservo nostro Olympio christiano fidissime scribimus. Hoc enim tibi esse scimus omni gloria gloriosius, et omni sublimitate sublimius. Fama quippe ad nos pertulit, honorem te adeptum esse celsiorem; quae utrum vera esset, nondum apud nos fuerat confirmatum, cum haec scribendi provenit occasio. Sed quoniam novimus te a Domino didicisse non alta sapere, sed humilibus consentire 1, quolibet culmine provectus esses, non aliter quam soles litteras nostras te accepturum esse praesumimus, domine dilectissime, et in Christi membris honorabiliter amplectende fili. Temporali vero felicitate ad aeterna lucra te prudenter usurum minime dubitamus, ut quanto plus potes in hac terrena republica, tanto plus impendas coelesti illi, quae te in Christo peperit, civitati, quod tibi uberius rependatur in regione viventium 2, et in vera pace securorum ac sine fine manentium gaudiorum. A. Olympio commendat Bonifacii causam. 2. Sancti fratris et coepiscopi mei Bonifacii petitionem tuae rursus caritati commendo, ne forte nunc fieri possit quod ante non potuit. Cum enim posset sine ulla forsitan quaestione quod praecessor eius, quamvis sub alieno nomine, comparaverat, et sub Ecclesiae nomine possidere iam coeperat, consequenter etiam ipse retinere; nolumus tamen, quoniam fisci debitor fuit, hunc scrupulum habere in conscientia. Neque enim fraus ista, quia fisco fiebat, ideo non fiebat. Et ille quidem Paulus, postquam episcopus factus est, renuntiaturus suis omnibus rebus propter immensum cumulum fiscalium debitorum, exacta quadam cautione, in qua certum ei pondus debebatur argenti, hos exiguos agellos, unde victum sustentaret, tamquam Ecclesiae comparavit, sub nomine tunc potentissimae domus, ut etiam ex ipsis, morem suum sequens, cum fisco non solveret, nullas exactorum molestias pateretur. Iste autem qui eidem Ecclesiae illo defuncto est ordinatus, timuit hos agros suscipere: et cum posset pro solis fiscalibus debitis, quae de memoratis possessiunculis ille contraxerat, imperiale beneficium postulare, totum maluit confiteri, quod eas Paulus de argento proprio, cum esset fisco obnoxius, de hastario emerat; ut eas Ecclesia, si fieri potest, non occulta episcopi iniquitate, sed manifesta christiani imperatoris liberalitate possideat. Quod si fieri non potest, melius inopiae laborem servi Dei tolerant, quam ut necessariorum facultatem cum conscientia fraudis obtineant. Bonifacio favendo Olympius Ecclesiae favebit. 3. Ad hoc tuum suffragium petimus impartiri digneris: quia id quod primo impetratum est, noluit allegare, ne iterum supplicandi sibi intercluderet facultatem; non enim erat ad desiderata responsum. Nunc vero cum sis eadem benignitate qua soles, sed amplior potestate, non desperamus, adiuvante Domino, meritis tuis hoc facile posse concedi: cum etiamsi tuo nomine eadem loca peteres, et memoratae Ecclesiae ipse donares, quis reprehenderet, aut quis non maxime praedicaret petitionem tuam, non terrenae cupiditati, sed christianae pietati servientem? Domini Dei nostri misericordia te in Christo feliciorem tueatur, domine fili.